Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Their Charge Carrier Mobilities in Field-Effect Transistors

Ahmed, Sohail; Yi, Jiabao

doi:10.1007/s40820-017-0152-6

Cited by 160 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 265 publications

(308 reference statements)

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“…Lastly, MoS 2 devices typically show much lower intrinsic carrier mobilities in experiments than the predicted phonon-limited values, implying the existence of extrinsic carrier scattering sources. Thus, it is important to eliminate or minimize the effect of these extrinsic charge carrier scattering mechanisms, such as substrate remote phonons, surface roughness, charged impurities, intrinsic structural defects (e.g., SVs), interface charge traps (D it ) and grain boundary (GB) defects ( Figure 3c schematically illustrates some prominent extrinsic charge carrier scattering mechanisms), that can severely degrade the mobility in MoS 2 -based devices [160,[171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179].…”

Section: Contact Length Scaling Doping and Extrinsic Carrier Scatteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Contact, Doping and Mobility Engineering of MoS2: An Atomically Thin 2D Semiconductor

et al. 2018

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Atomically thin molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a member of the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) family, has emerged as the prototypical two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor with a multitude of interesting properties and promising device applications spanning all realms of electronics and optoelectronics. While possessing inherent advantages over conventional bulk semiconducting materials (such as Si, Ge and III-Vs) in terms of enabling ultra-short channel and, thus, energy efficient field-effect transistors (FETs), the mechanically flexible and transparent nature of MoS2 makes it even more attractive for use in ubiquitous flexible and transparent electronic systems. However, before the fascinating properties of MoS2 can be effectively harnessed and put to good use in practical and commercial applications, several important technological roadblocks pertaining to its contact, doping and mobility (µ) engineering must be overcome. This paper reviews the important technologically relevant properties of semiconducting 2D TMDCs followed by a discussion of the performance projections of, and the major engineering challenges that confront, 2D MoS2-based devices. Finally, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the various engineering solutions employed, thus far, to address the all-important issues of contact resistance (RC), controllable and area-selective doping, and charge carrier mobility enhancement in these devices. Several key experimental and theoretical results are cited to supplement the discussions and provide further insight.

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Section: Contact Length Scaling Doping and Extrinsic Carrier Scatteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Contact, Doping and Mobility Engineering of MoS2: An Atomically Thin 2D Semiconductor

et al. 2018

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“…Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are a family of 2DLMs in the form of MX 2 compounds, where M is a transition metal (Mo, W, Re) and X is a chalcogen (S, Se, Te). TMDCs are promising for electronic applications due to their semiconducting behaviour as opposed to semi-metallic graphene, and better thermal stability than materials such as black phosphorus and silicene [14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optoelectronic and photonic devices based on transition metal dichalcogenides

Thakar

Lodha

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are a family of two-dimensional layered materials (2DLMs) with extraordinary optical properties. They present an attractive option for future multifunctional and high-performance optoelectronics. However, much remains to be done to realize a mature technology for commercial applications. In this review article, we describe the progress and scope of TMDC devices in optical and photonic applications. Various photoresponse mechanisms observed in such devices and a brief discussion on measurement and analysis methods are described. Three main types of optoelectronic devices, namely photodetectors, photovoltaics and lightemitting devices are discussed in detail with a focus on device architecture and operation. Examples showing experimental integration of 2DLM-based devices with silicon photonics are also discussed briefly. A wide range of data for key performance metrics is analysed with insights into future directions for device design, processing and characterization that can help overcome present gaps and challenges. While the field is still in its infancy and requires significant efforts toward standardizing various approaches towards a mature technology, it has already shown promising results in broader aspects of compatibility, integration and performance for future electronics. Sensors are increasingly becoming an integrated part of the global electronic eco-system with the rise of data-driven technologies. There is a growing need for networks of cost-effective, robust and reliable sensors and their integration with present technologies. Optoelectronic and photonic devices are of importance for both sensing as well as high-speed optical communication applications. 2DLMs demonstrate significant light-matter interaction that is tunable with external physical and electronic parameters such as pressure, strain, electric and magnetic field [1-6]. Moreover, 2DLMs show strong dependence of their band structure on thickness with a transition to direct bandgap in monolayers in most of the known 2DLMs [7][8][9]. Graphene has been the most studied material since its discovery in 2004 [10][11][12]. Apart from graphene, there are nearly 1500 possible 2DLMs with a wide range of material properties as predicted by first principle simulations [13]. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are a family of 2DLMs in the form of MX 2 compounds, where M is a transition metal (Mo, W, Re) and X is a chalcogen (S, Se, Te). TMDCs are promising for electronic applications due to their semiconducting behaviour as opposed to semi-metallic graphene, and better thermal stability than materials such as black phosphorus and silicene [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Optoelectronic devices based on TMDCsTMDCs have been the most studied 2DLMs, apart from graphene and black phosphorus, for electronic and optoelectronic device applications [20,21]. They have a sizeable bandgap in the visible and near infrared (NIR) range (∼1-2 eV) that is optimal for optoelectronic sensors and light-emitting sources for short-ran...

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“…As seen in Table , the experimentally demonstrated charge carrier mobilities of the mono‐ or few‐layer TMDs are lower than the commercial needs and theoretical prediction . Furthermore, 2DMs possess large surface areas, making the charge carrier mobility more sensitive to external and internal factors . However, the aim of utilizing 2D nanomaterials in device applications with the desired charge carrier mobility prompts us to not only produce high‐quality 2D TMD thin films but also fabricate new materials in the range of TMDs.…”

Section: Electronic Transport Devicesmentioning

confidence: 98%

2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Thin Films Obtained by Chemical Gas Phase Deposition Techniques

Park

Nielsch

Thomas

2018

Adv Materials Inter

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Ultrathin 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) thin films have attracted much attention due to their very good electrical, optical, and electrochemical properties. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD), which is in some regards an enhanced version of CVD, are techniques that can provide exceptionally conformal large‐area coatings, even for complex surface geometries. Besides, these techniques include the transport of one or more precursor chemicals in the gas phase onto a substrate. Subsequently, a chemical reaction occurs, resulting in the deposition of a film of a solid material on the substrate. One of the advantageous aspects of chemical deposition methods, such as CVD and ALD, is the growth of thin films onto a variety of substrates as well as 3D structures. Because of their chemical approach, these techniques are well suited to synthesizing 2D materials (2DMs) with a low defect concentration. Furthermore, the scalability would allow industrial application, as opposed to, e.g., micromechanical cleavage. Here, the recent progress in 2D TMD thin films is reviewed and the current applications of these materials fabricated by CVD and ALD are surveyed.

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Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Their Charge Carrier Mobilities in Field-Effect Transistors

Cited by 160 publications

References 265 publications

Progress in Contact, Doping and Mobility Engineering of MoS2: An Atomically Thin 2D Semiconductor

Progress in Contact, Doping and Mobility Engineering of MoS2: An Atomically Thin 2D Semiconductor

Optoelectronic and photonic devices based on transition metal dichalcogenides

2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Thin Films Obtained by Chemical Gas Phase Deposition Techniques

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