Two-Dimensional SnO Anodes with a Tunable Number of Atomic Layers for Sodium Ion Batteries

Abstract

We have systematically changed the number of atomic layers stacked in 2D SnO nanosheet anodes and studied their sodium ion battery (SIB) performance. The results indicate that as the number of atomic SnO layers in a sheet decreases, both the capacity and cycling stability of the Na ion battery improve. The thinnest SnO nanosheet anodes (two to six SnO monolayers) exhibited the best performance. Specifically, an initial discharge and charge capacity of 1072 and 848 mAh g were observed, respectively, at 0.1 A g. In addition, an impressive reversible capacity of 665 mAh g after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g and 452 mAh g after 1000 cycles at a high current density of 1.0 A g was observed, with excellent rate performance. As the average number of atomic layers in the anode sheets increased, the battery performance degraded significantly. For example, for the anode sheets with 10-20 atomic layers, only a reversible capacity of 389 mAh g could be obtained after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g. Density functional theory calculations coupled with experimental results were used to elucidate the sodiation mechanism of the SnO nanosheets. This systematic study of monolayer-dependent physical and electrochemical properties of 2D anodes shows a promising pathway to engineering and mitigating volume changes in 2D anode materials for sodium ion batteries. It also demonstrates that ultrathin SnO nanosheets are promising SIB anode materials with high specific capacity, stable cyclability, and excellent rate performance.

Micro/Nanostructure‐Dependent Electrochemical Performances of Sb2O3 Micro‐Bundles as Anode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…), and metal oxides (SnO 2 , SnO, CuO, etc. ) due to their higher theoretical capacities arising from the redox of transition metals or the alloying/dealloying process during the discharge and charge process. However, the investigations on these materials have been plagued all the time due to the large volume change during cycling, which gravely induces the adverse cracking, pulverization of the primary structure, and accordingly fast capacity fading.…”

Recent Applications of 2D Inorganic Nanosheets for Emerging Energy Storage System

“…Many TMO nanosheets have been reported as electrode materials for both LIBs and SIBs. CuO and SnO nanosheets were reported as electrode materials for SIBs and LIBs, respectively . The bilayered SnO nanosheets showed good electrode performance for SIBs compared to the thicker nanosheets with six and ten layers .…”

“…CuO and SnO nanosheets were reporteda se lectrode materials for SIBs and LIBs, respectively. [21,75] The bilayered SnO nanosheets showedg ood electrode performance for SIBs compared to the thicker nanosheets with six and ten layers. [75] Duan et al reported electrode performance of 3D hierarchical CuO mesocrystals composed of nanosheets and nanorods for LIBs.…”

Hierarchically Porous Carbon Nanofibers Encapsulating Carbon‐Coated Mini Hollow FeP Nanoparticles for High Performance Lithium and Sodium Ion Batteries

“…Among numerous available candidates, lithium ion batteries (LIBs) as a predominant power source have been successfully employed in portable electronic devices (PEDs) and electric vehicles (EVs) ,. Recently, sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have also attracted tremendous attention as a reasonable substitution for LIBs due to natural abundance and low cost of sodium sources . Na exhibits similar chemical properties with Li, demonstrating that the knowledge and research experience obtained in LIBs can be suitable for SIBs.…”