Two-Dimensional Phosphorus-Doped Carbon Nanosheets with Tunable Porosity for Oxygen Reactions in Zinc-Air Batteries

Lei, Wen; Deng, Yaping; Li, Gaoran; Cano, Zachary P.; Wang, Xiaolei; Luo, Dan; Liu, Yangshuai; Wang, Deli

doi:10.1021/acscatal.7b02739

Cited by 178 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The structural features of carbon are further investigated by Raman spectroscopy (Figure e). The relative intensity ratio between structural defect carbon (D‐band) at 1350 cm −1 and graphitic sp 2 ‐carbon (G‐band) at 1600 cm −1 reveals the graphitic degree of carbon materials . All of these related materials show relatively good graphitic degree, such a good graphitization could promote the capability of charge transfer for oxygen electrochemical reactions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes/Graphene Hybrid as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalyst for Long‐Life Rechargeable Zn–Air Batteries

Deng

Chen

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

209

141

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The rational construction of efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts is of immense significance yet challenging for rechargeable metal-air batteries. Herein, this work reports a metal-organic framework derived 2D nitrogendoped carbon nanotubes/graphene hybrid as the efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst for rechargeable zinc-air batteries. The as-obtained hybrid exhibits excellent catalytic activity and durability for the oxygen electrochemical reactions due to the synergistic effect by the hierarchical structure and heteroatom doping. The assembled rechargeable zinc-air battery achieves a high power density of 253 mW cm −2 and specific capacity of 801 mAh g Zn −1 with excellent cycle stability of over 3000 h at 5 mA cm −2 .Moreover, the flexible solid-state rechargeable zinc-air batteries assembled by this hybrid oxygen electrocatalyst exhibits a high discharge power density of 223 mW cm −2 , which can power 45 light-emitting diodes and charge a cellphone. This work provides valuable insights in designing efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts for long-life metal-air batteries and related energy conversion technologies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes/Graphene Hybrid as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalyst for Long‐Life Rechargeable Zn–Air Batteries

Deng

Chen

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

209

141

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“…Indeed, the kinetics and reversibility of the zinc and iron couples on the carbon felt electrode can satisfy the needs of practical applications, promoting little research on electrode materials for the alkaline zinc–iron flow battery. Hence, the investigation on electrodes, and positive electrode materials in particular, has mainly focused on alkaline single zinc–nickel and air flow batteries since the kinetics of nickel hydroxide and oxygen electrodes is relatively sluggish, which reduce the energy conversion efficiencies. The mismatch in kinetic activations between the positive and negative redox couples on the electrodes can result in zinc accumulation at the negative side, further affecting the battery's cycle life …”

Section: Advanced Materials For Zinc‐based Flow Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

et al. 2019

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stability and efficiency of the electric grid to portable electronic devices as well as supplying backup power in districts with limited grid connectivity or in off-grid applications, [4][5][6][7] are an effective approach to address these issues.Among the numerous electrochemical energy storage techniques, flow batteries (FBs) are well suited for energy storage because of their perfect combination of high safety, high efficiency and flexibility. [8][9][10] A flow battery realizes the transformation of chemical energy into electric energy through the oxidation and reduction reactions of redox couples stored in electrolytes that typically circulate through the anode and cathode, which are normally separated by an ionconducting membrane. [11] Compared with other battery systems such as lithium-based batteries and lead-based batteries, the power of a flow battery is determined by the size and number of cell stacks, while the energy or capacity of the battery depends on the concentration and the volume of the redox couples in the electrolytes. [12] Hence, the power and energy or capacity of a flow battery can be designed independently, [13] allowing the power of a flow battery to range from the 100 kW to the 100 MW level and the energy of a flow battery to range from the 100 kWh to the 100 MWh level. [14] Normally, the electrolyte of a flow battery consists of an aqueous solution, which endows the technology with high safety and minimal potential risk of fire or explosion. These advantages of flow battery technologies make such devices very suitable for energy storage applications.As a representative flow battery technology, the vanadium flow battery (VFB) has long been considered as one of the most mature technologies and is currently at the commercial demonstration stage. [8,15] However, some limitations and challenges, e.g., the relatively high cost [16] and low energy density, still need to be overcome to realize its industrialization. Recently, tremendous efforts have been devoted to exploring and developing novel flow battery technologies with low costs and high energy densities, e.g., zinc-based flow batteries (ZFBs), [17][18][19][20][21] polymer-based flow batteries, [22][23][24] and quinone-based flow batteries. [25][26][27][28] These newly developed flow battery technologies have demonstrated promise for energy storage applications, although most are still in development in the lab.Zinc-based flow batteries (ZFBs) are well suitable for stationary energy storage applications because of their high energy density and low-cost advantages. Nevertheless, their wide application is still confronted with challenges, which are mainly from advanced materials. Therefore, research on advanced materials for ZFBs in terms of electrodes, membranes, and electrolytes as well as their chemistries are of the utmost importance. Herein, the focus is on the scientific understandings of the fundamental design of these advanced materials and their chemistries in relation to the battery performance. The principles of using different...

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“…The thickness of the nanosheet was determined to be approximately 3.5 nm according to atomicf orce microscopy (AFM)a nalysis( Figure1f), which is rather thinner than most previously reported 2D materials in the literature (10 nm for NCNS;4 8nmf or meso/micro-FeCo-N x -CN;2 0-35 nm for 2D poly(polyethyleneg lycol citrate-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) (PPCN)). [39][40][41] The number of graphite layers for 2D Fe-N-CNSw as determined to be approximately ten given that the interlayer spacing of graphite layers was calculated to be 0.377 nm according to the Bragg equation, as indicated by XRD patterns.T he influence of the KCl/FeTCPPCl mass ratio or heat-treatment temperature on the morphology was also exploredb ymeans of SEM (Figures S5 and S6 in the Supporting Information). It was observed that the morphology of the KCl/ FeTCPPCl sheets was almostu nchanged, but the thickness of the 2D Fe-N-CNS decreaseda st he KCl/FeTCPPCl ratio increased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice/Salt‐Assisted Synthesis of Ultrathin Two‐Dimensional Micro/Mesoporous Iron and Nitrogen Co‐Doped Carbon as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction

Zhang

Iyoda

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

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An ice/salt‐assisted strategy has been developed to achieve the green and efficient synthesis of ultrathin two‐dimensional (2D) micro/mesoporous carbon nanosheets (CNS) with the dominant active moieties of Fe−N4 (Fe‐N‐CNS) as high‐performance electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The strategy involves freeze‐drying a mixture of iron porphyrin and KCl salt using ice as template followed by a confined pyrolysis with KCl as an independent sealed nanoreactor to facilitate the formation of 2D carbon nanosheets, N incorporation, and porosity creation. The well‐defined assembly of ultrathin 2D carbon nanosheets ensures high utilization of D1 and D3 Fe−N4 active sites, and effectively promotes the mass transport of ORR reactants by virtue of the pronounced mesoporous structure. The resulting Fe‐N‐CNS electrocatalyst was shown to exhibit superior ORR activity, better electrochemical durability, and methanol tolerance towards ORR in alkaline electrolyte relative to the commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst.

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Two-Dimensional Phosphorus-Doped Carbon Nanosheets with Tunable Porosity for Oxygen Reactions in Zinc-Air Batteries

Cited by 178 publications

References 45 publications

2D Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes/Graphene Hybrid as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalyst for Long‐Life Rechargeable Zn–Air Batteries

2D Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes/Graphene Hybrid as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalyst for Long‐Life Rechargeable Zn–Air Batteries

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

Ice/Salt‐Assisted Synthesis of Ultrathin Two‐Dimensional Micro/Mesoporous Iron and Nitrogen Co‐Doped Carbon as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction

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