Two-dimensional molybdenum carbide (MXene) as an efficient nanoadditive for achieving superlubricity under ultrahigh pressure

Yi, Shuang; Guo, Yitong; Li, Jinjin; Zhang, Yuxin; Zhou, Aiguo; Luo, Jianbin

doi:10.1007/s40544-022-0597-6

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The tribofilms with easy‐to‐shear ability, originating due to the weak interflake interactions of the Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets, further reduce friction and wear. [ 69,74,75 ]…”

Section: Mxenes For Liquid Lubricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[71,72] Additionally, Nb 2 CT x has been recently tested in water lubrication, [73] while the lubrication performance of Mo 2 CT x has been studied in a lithium-based ionic liquid. [74] In pure base oils, Ti 3 C 2 T x and its hybrids have shown the best performance at concentrations ≈1 wt% leading to twofold friction and ninefold wear volume reductions. [62][63][64][65][66] Lower or higher concentrations of Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets induced less beneficial or even detrimental effects because of either insufficient amount of lubricious material (when MXene concentrations are below optimal) or agglomeration at higher MXene concentrations.…”

Section: Mxenes For Liquid Lubricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives of 2D MXene Tribology

et al. 2022

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efficiency, the significance of tribology becomes evident in light of global challenges such as decreasing earth resources, i.e., fossil fuel and minerals, as well as steadily rising CO 2 emissions contributing to global warming. [4,5] In this context, friction and wear have been identified as notably contributing toward a downgraded energy efficiency, inviting the development of greener, smarter, and more sustainable tribological processes and lubricants.Since ancient times, the most straightforward approach to reduce friction and wear was to place a liquid lubricant (oil or grease) between the rubbing surfaces. This greatly reduces or eliminates the solid-solid contact, thus enabling low-friction and lowwear conditions. [6] However, after centuries of use, liquid lubricants have been pushed toward their limits due to the current trend of continuously reducing the lubricant viscosity and, therefore, the resulting film thickness. This, in turn, increases the amount of solid-solid contact, leading to harsher tribological conditions with increased friction and wear. Combined with more stringent regulations regarding the use of sulfur-and phosphorous-containing lubricant additives as well as efforts toward decarbonization to reduce CO 2 emissions and hazardous wastes, these factors propel the urgent development of alternative lubrication concepts. [4] In this context, nanomaterials used as additives in base oils or applied as solid lubricant coatings have gained notableThe large and rapidly growing family of 2D early transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXenes) raises significant interest in the materials science and chemistry of materials communities. Discovered a little more than a decade ago, MXenes have already demonstrated outstanding potential in various applications ranging from energy storage to biology and medicine. The past two years have witnessed increased experimental and theoretical efforts toward studying MXenes' mechanical and tribological properties when used as lubricant additives, reinforcement phases in composites, or solid lubricant coatings. Although research on the understanding of the friction and wear performance of MXenes under dry and lubricated conditions is still in its early stages, it has experienced rapid growth due to the excellent mechanical properties and chemical reactivities offered by MXenes that make them adaptable to being combined with other materials, thus boosting their tribological performance. In this perspective, the most promising results in the area of MXene tribology are summarized, future important problems to be pursued further are outlined, and methodological recommendations that could be useful for experts as well as newcomers to MXenes research, in particular, to the emerging area of MXene tribology, are provided.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202207757.

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“…The tribofilms with easy‐to‐shear ability, originating due to the weak interflake interactions of the Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets, further reduce friction and wear. [ 69,74,75 ]…”

Section: Mxenes For Liquid Lubricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mxenes For Liquid Lubricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of 2D MXene Tribology

et al. 2022

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“…In particular, MXene has good heat resistance, which can still be in excellent lubrication conditions at several hundred degrees Celsius [ 81 ]. Yi et al [ 82 ] adopted molybdenum carbide (Mo 2 CT x ) MXene as the additive of lithium hexafluorophosphate-based ionic liquid, which achieved the superlubricity state with a friction coefficient of 0.004 between silicon nitride and sapphire friction pairs with the maximum contact pressure up to 1.42 GPa, far exceeding the pressure limit of the superlubricity in previous studies. The excellent lubrication performance is the result of the combined effects of very low interlayer shear strength of (Mo 2 CT x ) MXene and the composite friction film (containing mainly molybdenum oxide and phosphorus oxide) produced by friction chemical reactions.…”

Section: Single Nanoadditivementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Nanomaterials with Different Dimensions as Lubricant Additives

et al. 2022

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Lubricant additives can effectively enhance the performance and environmental adaptability of lubricants and reduce the energy loss and machine wear caused by friction. Nanomaterials, as important additive materials, have an essential role in the research and development of new lubricants, whose lubrication performances and mechanisms are not only related to their physical and chemical properties, but also influenced by the geometric shape. In this paper, the friction reduction and antiwear performances of nanomaterials as lubricant additives are first reviewed according to the classification of the dimensions, and their lubrication mechanisms and influence rules are revealed. Second, the recent research progress of composite nanomaterials as lubrication additives is introduced, focusing on their synergistic mechanism to improve the lubrication performance further. Finally, we briefly discuss the challenges faced by nanoadditives and provide an outlook on future research. The review expects to provide new ideas for the selection and development of lubricant additives to expand the application of nanoadditives.

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“…64 Studies have shown that ILs have strong interactions with solid surfaces, especially on a charged solid surface, and provide a wear-resistant protective lm that withstands higher normal loads than existing molecular lubricants. [163][164][165] As typical ionic liquids with excellent lubricating properties, phosphinebased and imidazolyl-based ILs are superior to natural lubricating oils in reducing friction and wear. [166][167][168] A. K. Kasar et al 169 reported that the combination of MoS 2 and WS 2 with a weak interlayer interaction lamellar-structure and ILs can form a protective layer on the metal surface through the adsorption of cations and anions to minimize bump surface contact, reducing friction and wear.…”

Section: Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (Tmds)mentioning

confidence: 99%