Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers

In recent years, 2D layered materials, including graphene, topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, MXenes, graphitic carbon nitride, and metal‐organic frameworks, have attracted considerable interest due to their potential applications in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and energy. Their rise in the field of nonlinear photonics began around 2009 and has become an important research direction. Here, the synthesis techniques, nonlinear optical properties, integration strategies, and device applications of layered materials are reviewed. In terms of nonlinear optical properties, the focus is on saturable absorption and Kerr nonlinearity. On this basis, their applications in various pulsed lasers, including fiber lasers, solid‐state lasers, waveguide lasers, and related nonlinear optical phenomenon, are summarized. In addition, novel optical devices using layered materials, such as optical modulators, optical polarizers, optical switchers, and even all‐optical device, are also involved. It is believed that the development of 2D layered materials in the field of photonics will continue to deepen, thus laying a good foundation for its practical application.

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Section: Versatile Pulsed Lasers Using 2d Layered Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Guo

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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408

197

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“…Apart from its ability to tune the band gap between the valence band and conduction band local extrema, strain also plays a significant role in tuning the effective masses, thereby affecting the exciton anisotropy and binding strength 75. The properties of BP depends on the layer thickness,42 applied strain force,45, 48, 52, 53, 64, 76 stacking order77, 78 and external electric field,79 enabling the realization of devices for different applications such as electronics,35, 37, 80, 81, 82, 83 optoelectronics,84, 85, 86 energy storage,79, 87 saturable absorbers (SA),2, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92 pulsed lasers93, 94, 95 and sensing 96…”

Section: Structure and Fundamentals Of Phosphorenementioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Trends in Phosphorene Fabrication towards Next Generation Devices

et al. 2017

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The challenge of science and technology is to design and make materials that will dominate the future of our society. In this context, black phosphorus has emerged as a new, intriguing two‐dimensional (2D) material, together with its monolayer, which is referred to as phosphorene. The exploration of this new 2D material demands various fabrication methods to achieve potential applications— this demand motivated this review. This article is aimed at supplementing the concrete understanding of existing phosphorene fabrication techniques, which forms the foundation for a variety of applications. Here, the major issue of the degradation encountered in realizing devices based on few‐layered black phosphorus and phosphorene is reviewed. The prospects of phosphorene in future research are also described by discussing its significance and explaining ways to advance state‐of‐art of phosphorene‐based devices. In addition, a detailed presentation on the demand for future studies to promote well‐systemized fabrication methods towards large‐area, high‐yield and perfectly protected phosphorene for the development of reliable devices in optoelectronic applications and other areas is offered.

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“…In recent years, intense research efforts on optical modulation have concentrated on finding the fast and highly nonlinear media, including graphene and other two-dimensional layered materials345678910, gain nonlinear active media11, carrier-induced nonlinear semiconductor photonic crystal cavities12, nonlinear metals, semiconductors and low-dimensional carbon13, and optomechanical and phase-change metamaterials1415. However, such materials suffer from defects of difficult fabrication, low production, high expense, low chemical durability, and are detrimental to environment116.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable optical modulation of blue/green up-conversion fluorescence from Tm3+ (Er3+) single-doped glass ceramics upon two-step excitation of two-wavelengths

Chen

Kang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Optical modulation is a crucial operation in photonics for network data processing with the aim to overcome information bottleneck in terms of speed, energy consumption, dispersion and cross-talking from conventional electronic interconnection approach. However, due to the weak interactions between photons, a facile physical approach is required to efficiently manipulate photon-photon interactions. Herein, we demonstrate that transparent glass ceramics containing LaF3: Tm3+ (Er3+) nanocrystals can enable fast-slow optical modulation of blue/green up-conversion fluorescence upon two-step excitation of two-wavelengths at telecom windows (0.8–1.8 μm). We show an optical modulation of more than 1500% (800%) of the green (blue) up-conversion fluorescence intensity, and fast response of 280 μs (367 μs) as well as slow response of 5.82 ms (618 μs) in the green (blue) up-conversion fluorescence signal, respectively. The success of manipulating laser at telecom windows for fast-slow optical modulation from rear-earth single-doped glass ceramics may find application in all-optical fiber telecommunication areas.

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Two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers: towards compact visible-wavelength all-fiber pulsed lasers

Cited by 258 publications

References 36 publications

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Emerging Trends in Phosphorene Fabrication towards Next Generation Devices

Controllable optical modulation of blue/green up-conversion fluorescence from Tm3+ (Er3+) single-doped glass ceramics upon two-step excitation of two-wavelengths

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