Two-dimensional integration approach to teaching cardiovascular physiology: effectiveness and students’ perspectives

Abstract

Background Pre-clerkship medical curriculums consist of a series of organ system-based courses and lectures but often lack an integration between organ systems. Such integration could be beneficial for clerkship years and students’ future career. Hence, we aimed to share our process of organising an integrative teaching approach in a large class of pre-clerkship medical students and to reflect the students’ perspective toward the teaching process in this observational study. In addition, we tested effectiveness of this integrative approach compared with the traditional teaching (lecture). Methods We organised a two-dimensional (2D)-integrative teaching for 309 students in selected topics of cardiovascular physiology of the medical curriculum of the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. The first dimension of integration is the incorporation of physiology of other organ systems into the cardiovascular physiology class. The second is the integration of multiple teaching methods and strategies, including small group discussion, student presentation, wrap-up, quiz, and question-and-answer sessions. Unless opting out, students evaluated this integrative teaching by filling in a questionnaire. The summative scores were also used to determine their comprehensive understandings of the content. Results The course evaluation showed that most students (81.9–91.2%) had positive attitudes toward all organised sessions, i.e. this teaching method helps promote their basic and applied physiology knowledge, critical thinking, information searching, presentation, and teamwork skills. In general, students at all performance levels attained higher scores in the summative exam for the 2D-integrative-class–relevant questions (74.4±16.1%) than for the lecture-pertinent questions (65.2±13.6%). Conclusions In a large class size of pre-clerkship students, 2D-integrative teaching strategies with careful planning and preparation can be successfully implemented, based on positive attitudes and relatively high summative scores of students in this study. Hence, this comprehensive teaching could be incorporated in current medical curriculums, particularly for the complex learning topics.

Analytical Study of Self-directed and Problem-Oriented Learning Sessions in Cardio-Respiratory Physiology

“…Self-directed learning can be a successful active learning method in medical education. In a recent study, the benefits of self-directed learning over traditional lectures were underlined [7]. Because it ensures active participation of the learner through the use of various instructional methods, such as the creation of a problem for a given topic for a small group to discuss and derive accurate and desired solutions, problem-oriented learning is also considered an active form of learning and a valuable form of group education.…”