Two-dimensional high spatial-resolution dosimeter using europium doped potassium chloride: a feasibility study

Abstract

Recent research has shown that KCl:Eu2+ has great potential for use in megavoltage radiation therapy dosimetry because this material exhibits excellent storage performance and is reusable due to strong radiation hardness. This work reports the authors’ attempts to fabricate 2D KCl:Eu2+ storage phosphor films (SPFs) using both a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method and a tape casting method. X ray diffraction analysis showed that a 10 µm thick PVD sample was composed of highly crystalline KCl. No additional phases were observed, suggesting that the europium activator had completed been incorporated into the KCl matrix. Photostimulated luminescence and photoluminescence spectra suggested that F (Cl-) centers were the electron storage centers post×ray irradiation and that Eu2+ cations acted as luminescence centers in the photostimulation process. The 150-µm thick casted KCl:Eu2+ SPF showed sub-millimeter spatial resolution. Monte Carlo simulations further demonstrated that the admixture of 20% KCl:Eu2+ and 80% low Z polymer binder exhibited almost no energy dependence in a 6 MV beam. KCl:Eu2+ pellet samples showed a large dynamic range from 0.01 cGy to 60 Gy dose-to-water, and saturated at approximately 500 Gy as a result of KCl’s intrinsic high radiation hardness. Taken together, this work provides strong evidence that KCl:Eu2+ based SPF with associated readout apparatus could result in a novel electronic film system that has all the desirable features associated with classic radiographic film and, importantly, water equivalence and the capability of permanent identification of each detector.

Facile synthesis of KCl:Sm3+ nanophosphor as a new OSL dosimetric material achieved through charge transfer between the defect states

“…6(d) indicates that the KCl:Sm nanophosphor may be a good sensitive material for radiation dosimetry. 13 The dose response for beta irradiation also yielded a linear correlation coefficient r ¼ 0.91 for doses up to 3 Gy [ Fig. 6(b)].…”

“…However, these materials have a high Z eff (49) and show undesirable strong photon energy dependence. 13 KBr:Eu and KCl:Eu do not show any photon energy dependence and also exhibit less fading in the dark at room temperature. 14 On the other hand, the low-cost halide material KCl, which is abundantly found in nature, has a lower effective atomic number than that of other storage phosphors such as BaFBr, KBr, etc., making it more suitable for radiation dosimetry.…”

Photoluminescence of Solvent-Selected Fluorescent Moieties in MEH-PPV Solutions and Films

“…The choice of the desired computational method directly affects the precision of results; nevertheless, this precision must be evaluated considering computational costs and the size of system in study. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] In this contribution, we studied the photoluminescence of MEH-PPV in solution prepared in a variety of good and non-solvents, as well as thin films and solid solutions. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy were used to determine the total photoluminescence as a sum of contributions from several fluorescent moieties present in such systems.…”

The role of oxygen in the photostimulated luminescence process of europium doped potassium chloride

“…Recent work (Li et al, 2014) has shown that KCl:Eu 2+ has great potential for use in megavoltage radiation therapy dosimetry because this material exhibits excellent storage performance and is reusable due to strong radiation hardness. Hansel et al (Hansel et al, 2014) report that KCl:Eu 2+ samples provide excellent signal even after they were given doses of up to 200 kGy at the Louisiana State University Synchrotron facility.…”