Two-dimensional gas chromatography: Principles, instrumentation, methods

Schomburg, G.

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(95)00190-x

Cited by 91 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…With a linear temperature program, cross information between the two dimensions can be greatly reduced [23,34,36], which leads to a maximized peak capacity (equal to the product of those of the two dimensions). In this paper, five column sets with different column parameters are evaluated and the set given in Table 1 was found to be the best for the analysis of sulfur compounds.…”

Section: Study Of Group Separation Of Sulfurcontaining Compounds By Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is impossible to obtain such a number of peaks from the traditional one-dimensional chromatography. In the thiophene zone of the two-dimensional plot, the isomers with a same number of carbon atoms in the branch(s) were grouped together while those with different number of carbon atoms distributed in the structured form [23,34,36]. By this retention rule, we can identify the isomers from C1-BTs to C2-BNTs.…”

Section: Study Of Group Separation Of Sulfurcontaining Compounds By Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC6GC) [23 -34] is the coupling of two chromatographic columns with different separation mechanisms that can greatly improve component separation and identification power of the chromatographic system [23,35], with a modulator between two chromatographic columns. The modulator can focus and reinject sample pulses into the 2 nd column, and all sample pulsed from the second column will enter into the detector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of sulfur‐containing compounds in crude oils by comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection

Hua¹,

Jing-hua²,

Kong³

et al. 2004

J of Separation Science

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Analysis of sulfur-containing compounds in crude oils by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection This paper reports an analytical method for separating, identifying, and quantifying sulfur-containing compounds in crude oil fraction (IBP-3608C) samples based on comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector. Various sulfur-containing compounds and their groups were analyzed with one direct injection. 3620 peaks were detected including 1722 thiols/thioethers/ disulfides/1-ring thiophenes, 953 benzothiophenes, 704 dibenzothiophenes, and 241 benzonaphthothiophenes. The target sulfur compounds and their groups were identified based on the group separation feature and structured retention of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography as well as standard substances. The quantitative analysis of major sulfur-containing compounds and total sulfur was based on the linear response of the sulfur chemiluminescence detector using the internal standard method. The sulfur contents of target sulfur compounds and their groups in 4 crude oil fractions were also determined. The recoveries for standard sulfur-containing compounds were in the range of 90 -102%. The quantitative result of total sulfur in the Oman crude oil fraction sample was compared with those from ASTM D 4294 standard method (total S by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry), the relative deviation (RD%) was 4.2% and the precision of the method satisfactory.

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Section: Study Of Group Separation Of Sulfurcontaining Compounds By Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Of Group Separation Of Sulfurcontaining Compounds By Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analysis of sulfur‐containing compounds in crude oils by comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection

Hua¹,

Jing-hua²,

Kong³

et al. 2004

J of Separation Science

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“…Comprehensive Two -Dimensional GC ( GCÂGC ) Two -dimensional GC methods have been used for many years in which two conventional GC columns are connected ( Schomburg, 1995;Bertsch, 1999 ). The product of a first run of the sample is studied, and in subsequent runs the critical regions are diverted (or`h eartcut'' ) onto the second column to complete the separation that was not achieved in the first column.…”

Section: Time -Compressed Gc /Tofmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical analysis methods: Measurements for assessing environmental exposures to children using small amounts of serum and urine: state-of-the-art

Dimandja

Grainger

Patterson

et al. 2000

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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This paper addresses the recent advances in gas chromatographic ( GC )-based instrumentation for the analytical determination of environmental toxicants using small samples. One-dimensional GC / time-of-flight mass spectrometry ( TOFMS ) and comprehensive two-dimensional GC ( GCÂGC ) are shown to drastically improve sample component resolution, sensitivity and overall analytical throughput. A presentation of the concepts behind the new state-of-theart, and results highlighting the advantages of the emerging technologies are presented.

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“…In this technique, a limited number of fractions of first-column eluate is transferred to a second column. 13 The GC-GC is successful in a target-analysis situation, where only some fractions contain all compounds of interest. When, on the other hand, the entire sample needs to be transferred to a second column, this technique is too time-consuming and complicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography for Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Foods and Beverages

Welke¹,

Zini²

2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A cromatografia gasosa bidimensional abrangente (GC×GC) é uma técnica analítica relativamente nova, que tem sido amplamente empregada para análise de vários tipos de amostras complexas. A GC×GC proporciona maior capacidade de pico, sensibilidade e resolução, quando comparada à cromatografia gasosa monodimensional (1D-GC). Além disso, a estruturação dos cromatogramas bidimensionais auxilia na identificação de classes de compostos. No que diz respeito à análise de alimentos e bebidas, a eficiência superior da GC×GC resulta em benefícios únicos quando comparada às técnicas analíticas disponíveis para os mais variados objetivos de análise: separação de grupos de compostos aroma-ativos, verificação de perfil cromatográfico, análise de compostos alvo ou identificação de componentes desconhecidos. Quando compostos aroma-ativos estão presentes em nível de traços, a GC×GC também pode ser empregada como uma técnica de alto potencial devido a sua sensibilidade superior. Tendo em vista que a fração volátil de muitos alimentos e bebidas pode determinar a aceitação ou rejeição destes produtos por parte do consumidor, a caracterização da mesma pode ser feita com base na composição destes compostos voláteis. Neste trabalho, as aplicações da GC×GC para análise de voláteis em alimentos e bebidas são apresentadas, desde a fase inicial de sua implementação até 2010. Alguns tópicos relacionados aos princípios da GC×GC foram também discutidos.Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) is a relatively new analytical technique, which has been widely used for the analysis of a variety of complex samples. GC×GC offers increased peak capacity, higher sensitivity, and improved resolution when compared to conventional one-dimensional gas chromatography (1D-GC). In addition, it generates structured two-dimensional chromatograms, which aids in the identification of compound classes. The enhanced separation provided by GC×GC has been a distinctive benefit when it is compared to other available analytical techniques that deal with the analysis of food and beverages, irrespective of the goal of the analysis, i.e. aroma group-type separation and fingerprinting, target-volatile compound analysis or identification of unknowns. When trace amounts of aroma active compounds are present, GC×GC may also be used as a very powerful tool for their analysis due to its higher sensitivity. As volatile fractions may determine the acceptance or rejection of many foods and beverages by the consumer, the characterization of these products may be done having volatile composition as a basis. Applications of GC×GC for the analysis of volatiles of foods and beverages were revised since the emergence of this technique until 2010. Some topics related to principles of GC×GC were also discussed.

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Two-dimensional gas chromatography: Principles, instrumentation, methods

Cited by 91 publications

References 20 publications

Analysis of sulfur‐containing compounds in crude oils by comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection

Analysis of sulfur‐containing compounds in crude oils by comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection

Chemical analysis methods: Measurements for assessing environmental exposures to children using small amounts of serum and urine: state-of-the-art

Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography for Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Foods and Beverages

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