Two-dimensional Full Particle Simulation of a Perpendicular Collisionless Shock with a Shock-Rest-Frame Model

Umeda, Takayuki; Yamao, Masahiro; Yamazaki, Ryo

doi:10.1086/590408

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Early 1D simulations (Quest 1985;Lembege & Dawson 1987) and recent 2D simulations (Umeda et al 2008(Umeda et al , 2009(Umeda et al , 2014Wieland et al 2016) indicated that supercritical perpendicular shocks become nonstationary and undergo cyclic self-reformation. Therefore, all instabilities driven by reflected ions in the foot region will also evolve in a nonstationary way, and the conditions for the Buneman-wave growth and efficient SSA will probably be met only at certain locations and time periods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Pre-acceleration at Nonrelativistic High-Mach-number Perpendicular Shocks

Bohdan

Niemiec

Kobzar

et al. 2017

ApJ

114

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We perform particle-in-cell simulations of perpendicular nonrelativistic collisionless shocks to study electron heating and pre-acceleration for parameters that permit the extrapolation to the conditions at young supernova remnants. Our high-resolution large-scale numerical experiments sample a representative portion of the shock surface and demonstrate that the efficiency of electron injection is strongly modulated with the phase of the shock reformation. For plasmas with low and moderate temperature (plasma beta 5 10, we explore the nonlinear shock structure and electron pre-acceleration for various orientations of the large-scale magnetic field with respect to the simulation plane, while keeping it at 90°to the shock normal. Ion reflection off of the shock leads to the formation of magnetic filaments in the shock ramp, resulting from Weibel-type instabilities, and electrostatic Buneman modes in the shock foot. In all of the cases under study, the latter provides first-stage electron energization through the shock-surfing acceleration mechanism. The subsequent energization strongly depends on the field orientation and proceeds through adiabatic or second-order Fermi acceleration processes for configurations with the out-of-plane and in-plane field components, respectively. For strictly out-of-plane field, the fraction of suprathermal electrons is much higher than for other configurations, because only in this case are the Buneman modes fully captured by the 2D simulation grid. Shocks in plasma with moderate p b provide more efficient pre-acceleration. The relevance of our results to the physics of fully 3D systems is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Pre-acceleration at Nonrelativistic High-Mach-number Perpendicular Shocks

Bohdan

Niemiec

Kobzar

et al. 2017

ApJ

114

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“…The detailed initial setup is described in Refs. 31,32 . In the present study, we assume a low-Mach number (M A ∼ 6), moderate beta (β i1 = β e1 = 0.32), weakly-magnetized (ω pe1 /ω ce1 = 4), and perpendicular (θ Bn = 90…”

Section: Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics and microinstabilities at perpendicular collisionless shock: A comparison of large-scale two-dimensional full particle simulations with different ion to electron mass ratio

Umeda¹,

Kidani²,

Matsukiyo³

et al. 2014

Physics of Plasmas

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Large-scale two-dimensional (2D) full particle-in-cell simulations are carried out for studying the relationship between the dynamics of a perpendicular shock and microinstabilities generated at the shock foot. The structure and dynamics of collisionless shocks are generally determined by Alfven Mach number and plasma beta, while microinstabilities at the shock foot are controlled by the ratio of the upstream bulk velocity to the electron thermal velocity and the ratio of the plasma-to-cyclotron frequency. With a fixed Alfven Mach number and plasma beta, the ratio of the upstream bulk velocity to the electron thermal velocity is given as a function of the ion-to-electron mass ratio. The present 2D full PIC simulations with a relatively low Alfven Mach number (M A ∼ 6) show that the modified two-stream instability is dominant with higher ion-to-electron mass ratios. It is also confirmed that waves propagating downstream are more enhanced at the shock foot near the shock ramp as the mass ratio becomes higher. The result suggests that these waves play a role in the modification of the dynamics of collisionless shocks through the interaction with shock front ripples.

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“…We developed a new method for exciting collisionless shocks in kinetic plasma simulations, where the simulation system is taken in the shock rest frame [5][6][7]. The new method allows us to study longer-time development of collisionless shocks on a limited computer resource.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of quasi-perpendicular shocks: Recent results issued from 2D PIC simulation

Umeda

Kidani

Matsukiyo

2011

2011 XXXth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium

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Cross-scale coupling between fluid dynamics and particle kinetics at perpendicular collisionless shocks is an issue of space plasma physics. The influence of shock-front ripples to the dynamics of shocks is studied by means of a large-scale two-dimensional (2D) full particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. The present simulation has confirmed the transition of shock structures from the cyclic self-reformation to the quasi-stationary shock front due to rippled structures at the shock front.

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Two-dimensional Full Particle Simulation of a Perpendicular Collisionless Shock with a Shock-Rest-Frame Model

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

Electron Pre-acceleration at Nonrelativistic High-Mach-number Perpendicular Shocks

Electron Pre-acceleration at Nonrelativistic High-Mach-number Perpendicular Shocks

Dynamics and microinstabilities at perpendicular collisionless shock: A comparison of large-scale two-dimensional full particle simulations with different ion to electron mass ratio

Dynamics of quasi-perpendicular shocks: Recent results issued from 2D PIC simulation

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