Two different genogroups of Ehrlichia canis from dogs in Thailand using immunodominant protein genes

Nambooppha, Boondarika; Rittipornlertrak, Amarin; Tattiyapong, Muncharee; Tangtrongsup, Sahatchai; Tiwananthagorn, Saruda; Chung, Yang-Tsung; Sthitmatee, Nattawooti

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2018.05.027

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…By contrast, the sequences (around 200 base pairs) obtained from the Songkhla Province (the southern part of Thailand, KU765196 and KU765197) [ 49 ] had various genetic variations when aligned with our data. The genetic variation and genotyping of B. vogeli in Thailand should be further investigated using an immunodominant protein gene [ 50 ] with high levels of nucleotide diversity, such as an apical membrane antigen 1 [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological and molecular profiles of Babesia vogeli infection and Ehrlichia canis coinfection

Rawangchue

Sungpradit

2020

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Canine babesiosis, a tick-borne parasitic disease, is caused by the hemoprotozoa, Babesia vogeli, and Babesia gibsoni. Infection with these parasites, which is endemic globally, leads to life-threatening immunosuppression in dogs. The merozoites invade the red blood cells (RBCs) of infected dogs. Ehrlichia canis, an intracellular bacterium that infects monocytes, is transmitted by the same tick species (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) during blood consumption and coinfection with B. vogeli and E. canis has been reported. Although the hematology and biochemistry of canine babesiosis have been studied, more studies are needed to develop a better understanding of the hematobiochemical and molecular profiles associated with cases of single infection and coinfection of canine babesiosis in Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the hematological, biochemical, and molecular profiles of B. vogeli infection and E. canis coinfection. Materials and Methods: The study included 33 B. vogeli–positive blood samples and 11 E. canis–coinfected blood samples. To exclude coinfection with Hepatozoon canis and Anaplasma platys, only dogs with B. vogeli infection and B. vogeli–E. canis coinfection were included in the study. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was conducted to detect B. vogeli, E. canis, and H. canis, and a conventional PCR assay was conducted for the detection of A. platys. Besides, the PCR assay and sequencing, comprehensive data analysis was conducted, including a microscopic blood parasite examination and hematological and biochemical data analysis. Results: The comparison of the hematobiochemical data between the B. vogeli–positive and E. canis coinfection groups identified that there were statistically significant differences in the RBC parameters, including RBC count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and RBC distribution width (p=0.001). Neither B. vogeli infection nor coinfection with E. canis was associated with the sex, breed, recorded clinical signs, geographic origin of the dog and also B. vogeli 18S rRNA gene sequencing results. Conclusion: Coinfection with E. canis increased the severity of babesiosis. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying this infection, such as destruction of RBCs, require further investigation. This study may enhance diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of canine babesiosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological and molecular profiles of Babesia vogeli infection and Ehrlichia canis coinfection

Rawangchue

Sungpradit

2020

Vet World

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“…Maekawa et al [7] confirmed significant differences between E. canis strains in the Philippine region and the US and Brazil strains. Furthermore, Nambooppha et al [14] found two gene clusters in the local strain of E. canis in the local dog population in Thailand, the USA strain, and the Taiwan strain. In this study, we found that E. canis strains from Xinjiang can be divided into two gene groups, which belong to different gene subgroups, respectively, showing substantively genetic diversity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the world existed great genetic variation and showed obvious genetic diversity [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection and genetic variability of Ehrlichia canis in pet dogs in Xinjiang, China

et al. 2020

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Background and Aim: As a tick-borne zoonotic pathogen, Ehrlichia canis has already posed a threat to public health and safety. This study aimed to clarify the prevalence and molecular characteristics of E. canis in pet dogs in Xinjiang, China. Materials and Methods: A total of 297 blood samples of pet dogs and 709 skin ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato) were subjected to molecular detection using PCR for E. canis 16S rRNA gene, and then, positive samples were amplified, sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed for E. canis gp36 gene. Results: The PCR detection showed that the positive rate of PCR was 12.12% (36/297) in blood samples and 15.23% (108/709) in tick samples, respectively. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of E. canis gp36 protein, these E. canis strains in different geographical regions of the world can be divided into Genogroup I and Genogroup II. Among them, the Xinjiang epidemic strain XJ-6 and 533, 36, 1055, Kasur1, and Jake strains were clustered into subgroup 1.1 of Genogroup I, while the XJ-2, XJ-21, and XJ-35 strains and the TWN1, TWN4, CM180, and CM196 strains were closely related and belonged to subgroup 2.2 of Genogroup II, displaying high genetic diversity. Conclusion: This is the first study focusing on the molecular epidemiology of E. canis infection in pet dogs, which revealed that E. canis infection had been occurred in Xinjiang, China. More importantly, this study confirmed that the substantial variability in immunoreactive protein gp36 from E. canis strains circulating in pet dogs.

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“…The diversity of E. canis genotypes, based on the gp36 gene, has been reported worldwide. Studies have proposed that the geographical distribution of E. canis could be related to distinct strains, genotypes or serotype antigenic variabilities ( Zhang et al., 2008 ; Huang et al., 2010 ; Hsieh et al., 2010 ; Kaewmongkol et al., 2017 ; Nambooppha et al., 2018 ). The gp36 gene of E. canis consists of three regions: a 5′ end pre-repeat region, a tandem repeat region with variable numbers of the repeat unit depending on the isolate, and a 3′ end region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gp36 gene of E. canis consists of three regions: a 5′ end pre-repeat region, a tandem repeat region with variable numbers of the repeat unit depending on the isolate, and a 3′ end region. Phylogenetic trees of E. canis , based on the gp36 protein, revealed two genetic clades in Thailand that included the US and Taiwanese genogroups ( Nambooppha et al., 2018 ). Amino acid substitutions in these immunodominant antigens that were previously reported could play important roles in the different immunoreactivities of the protein with heterologous antisera compared with homologous antisera ( Zhang et al., 2008 ; Huang et al., 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of specific IgM and IgG antibodies in acute canine monocytic ehrlichiosis that recognize recombinant gp36 antigens

Kaewmongkol

Suwan

Sirinarumitr

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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The efficacy of antibody detection tools for all stages of Ehrlichia canis infections and for various genotypes remains unclear. We produced recombinant gp36 (rgp36) antigens from different isolates of Thai E. canis to confirm the immunoreactivities to these recombinant proteins from naturally infected dogs. Sera and blood samples were taken from 21 dogs naturally infected with E. canis and in the clinical stages of acute phase ehrlichiosis. The expression vectors and competent E. coli produced two isolates of rgp36. These two major rgp36s were recognized by the dogs' sera in Western blotting, with both anti-dog IgM and IgG used as secondary antibodies. The two different genotypes of these local recombinant immunoreactive proteins were gp36 subgroup A (isolate 1055) and subgroup B (isolate 533). The Western blot analyses successfully identified both specific IgM and IgG from the dogs' sera. Of all 21 cases, five dogs presented specific IgM, twenty dogs presented specific IgG, and the commercial test used found fifteen seropositive dogs. There were four dogs that presented both specific IgM and IgG. Only one dog presented specific IgM only. This report is the first identification of a specific IgM in dogs in response to acute infections with E. canis . The recombinant gp36 isolates may be useful as potential antigenic material for subsequent serological tests that have a high possibility for differentiating between acute, chronic, primary, and nonprimary infections with E. canis .

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Two different genogroups of Ehrlichia canis from dogs in Thailand using immunodominant protein genes

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Clinicopathological and molecular profiles of Babesia vogeli infection and Ehrlichia canis coinfection

Clinicopathological and molecular profiles of Babesia vogeli infection and Ehrlichia canis coinfection

Molecular detection and genetic variability of Ehrlichia canis in pet dogs in Xinjiang, China

Detection of specific IgM and IgG antibodies in acute canine monocytic ehrlichiosis that recognize recombinant gp36 antigens

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