Two Different Chitinase Genotypes in a Patient with an Amebic Liver Abscess: A Case Report

Valenzuela, Olivia; Morán, Patricia; Ramos, Fernando; Cardoza, Jorge I.; Garcı́a, Gabriela; Valadéz, Alicia; Rojas, Liliana; Garibay, Adriana; González, Enrique; Ximénez, Cecilia

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2009.80.51

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Examination of the genotypes of E. histolytica in stool- and liver abscess-derived samples from the same patients was recently performed, and the intestinal and liver abscess amebae were genetically distinct [18]. A recent report also uncovered two simultaneous and independent abscesses in the same patient, where a different genotype was found in each abscess [19]. Together, these results support a role of the parasite genotype in virulence, and further suggest that there is a genetic bottleneck where only certain genotypes are capable of causing abscesses.…”

Section: Variable Outcome Of Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue destruction and invasion by Entamoeba histolytica

Ralston

Petri

2011

Trends in Parasitology

171

124

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Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis, a disease that is a major source of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. The potent cytotoxic activity of the parasite appears to underlie disease pathogenesis, though the mechanism is unknown. Recently, progress has been made in determining that the parasite activates apoptosis in target cells and some putative effectors have been identified. Recent studies have also begun to unravel the genetic determinants that influence infection outcome. Thus we are beginning to get a clearer picture of how this parasite manages to infect, invade and ultimately inflict devastating tissue destruction.

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Section: Variable Outcome Of Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue destruction and invasion by Entamoeba histolytica

Ralston

Petri

2011

Trends in Parasitology

171

124

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“…[ 50 ] Other authors also detected different genotypes of E. histolytica trophozoites isolated from two distinct amebic liver abscesses from the same patient. [ 51 ] As with certain E. histolytica strains, E. dispar strains may also exhibit varied biological behavior as a result of genetic diversity. [ 43 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entamoeba dispar: Could it be pathogenic

et al. 2015

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Amebiasis is a disease caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. This ameba can colonize the human intestine and persist as a commensal parasite, similar to Entamoeba dispar, an ameba considered to be non-pathogenic. The similarities between E. histolytica and E. dispar make the latter an attractive model for studies aimed at clarifying the pathogenesis of amebiasis. However, in addition to being an interesting experimental model, this relative of E. histolytica remains poorly understood. In the 1990, it was believed that E. dispar was unable to produce significant experimental lesions. This scenario began to change in 1996, when E. dispar strains were isolated from symptomatic patients in Brazil. These strains were able to produce liver and intestinal lesions that were occasionally indistinguishable from those produced by E. histolytica. These and other findings, such as the detection of E. dispar DNA sequences in samples from patients with amebic liver abscess, have revived the possibility that this species can produce lesions in humans. The present paper presents a series of studies on E. dispar that begin to reveal a new facet of this protozoan.

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“…These studies analyzed the coding and non-coding DNA regions of these species, allowing a better understanding of the heterogeneous character of the parasite infection sources as well as the complexity of the human asymptomatic infection and the disease. Recent reports showing the differences in the genotypes of E. histolytica isolates from fecal samples and samples from amebic liver abscesses obtained from the same patient [13] and the detection of different genotypes of E. histolytica detected in a patient with two simultaneous and independent amebic abscesses of the liver [14] are two examples of this complexity. Several hypotheses were considered in these studies to explain the observed genotype variations, ranging from the ingestion of inoculums containing more than one E. histolytica and/or E. dispar genotypes (strains) to the possible existence of some kind of organ tropism or a possible recombination phenomenon during intestinal colonization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Amebiasis: Breaking the Paradigm?

Ximénez

Cerritos

Rojas

et al. 2010

IJERPH

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For over 30 years it has been established that the Entamoeba histolytica protozoan included two biologically and genetically different species, one with a pathogenic phenotype called E. histolytica and the other with a non-pathogenic phenotype called Entamoeba dispar. Both of these amoebae species can infect humans. E. histolytica has been considered as a potential pathogen that can cause serious damage to the large intestine (colitis, dysentery) and other extraintestinal organs, mainly the liver (amebic liver abscess), whereas E. dispar is a species that interacts with humans in a commensal relationship, causing no symptoms or any tissue damage. This paradigm, however, should be reconsidered or re-evaluated. In the present work, we report the detection and genotyping of E. dispar sequences of DNA obtained from patients with amebic liver abscesses, including the genotyping of an isolate obtained from a Brazilian patient with a clinical diagnosis of intestinal amebiasis that was previously characterized as an E. dispar species. The genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis performed by our group has shown the existence of several different genotypes of E. dispar that can be associated to, or be potentiality responsible for intestinal or liver tissue damage, similar to that observed with E. histolytica.

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Two Different Chitinase Genotypes in a Patient with an Amebic Liver Abscess: A Case Report

Abstract: The present work deals with the identification of a patient with two liver abscesses containing two different strains of Entamoeba histolytica, as defined by chitinase gene plymorphisms.

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Tissue destruction and invasion by Entamoeba histolytica

Tissue destruction and invasion by Entamoeba histolytica

Entamoeba dispar: Could it be pathogenic

Human Amebiasis: Breaking the Paradigm?

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