Two-Detector, 512-Element High Purity Germanium Camera Prototype

Kaufman, Léon; Lorenz, V.; Hosier, K.; Hoenninger, J; Hattner, Robert S.; Okerlund, Michael D.; Price, David C.; Shames, David M.; Swann, S.; Ewins, J.H.; Armantrout, G.A.; Camp, D.C.; Lee, K.

doi:10.1109/tns.1978.4329302

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, Ge detectors with the position sensitivity required for imaging applications have not been widely used primarily because of the difficulties in fabricating such detectors. Progress in the development of these detectors has however been made over the years [13,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. In particular, the amorphous-semiconductor contact technology developed by our group has the potential to satisfy the needs of imaging applications [24][25][26].…”

Section: Challenges and Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Position-Sensitive Germanium Detectors

Amman¹,

Luke²

2001

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Section: Challenges and Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Position-Sensitive Germanium Detectors

Amman¹,

Luke²

2001

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“…However, the production of position-sensitive Ge detectors with fine spatial sensitivity has been a significant technical challenge. Even so, substantial progress has been made in the development of these detectors [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. One advancement has been the amorphous semiconductor contact technology [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional position sensing and field shaping in orthogonal-strip germanium gamma-ray detectors

Amman

Luke

2000

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

109

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Section: Challenges and Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

EMSP Project Number 65015 Final Report: Three-dimensional position-sensitive germanium detectors

Amman¹,

Luke²

2001

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Recipient Business Office and phone number: DOE Contract Administrator: Heavy metal toxicity poses major environmental and health problems, and heavy metals are more difficult to remediate than chemical contaminants, which can be degraded by microorganisms. Cadmium and arsenic, for example, are non-essential heavy metals which are toxic to living cells at very low concentrations. Cd 2+ ions displace Ca 2+ or Zn 2+ in proteins and can cause oxidative stress, while arsenic also causes oxidative stress damage and is a well known carcinogen. Schizosaccharomyces pombe and other fungi as well as plants synthesize phytochelatins which chelate Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ and other heavy metal ions. Phytochelatins are thiolate peptides with the primary structure (-Glu-Cys) n-Gly, which are non-translationally synthesized from glutathione. Phytochelatins play major roles in metal detoxification in plants and fungi and have been proposed to be central to phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils and waters. We were interested in exploring this hypothesis, however, genes encoding phytochelatin synthases had not been identified until DOE-supported results in the P.I.'s lab and parallel research elsewhere (Clemens et al., 1999; Ha et al., 1999; Vatamaniuk et al., 1999). By screening for plant genes mediating metal tolerance we identified a wheat cDNA, TaPCS1, whose expression results in a dramatic increase in cadmium tolerance (Clemens et al, 1999). TaPCS1 encodes a protein of ~55 kDa with no similarity to proteins of known function. We identified homologues of this new gene family from Arabidopsis and fungi. The Arabidopsis and fungal genes were also demonstrated to confer substantial increases in metal tolerance upon expression. PCS-expressing cells accumulate more Cd 2+ than controls. PCS expression mediates Cd 2+ tolerance even in mutants that are either deficient in vacuolar acidification or impaired in vacuolar biogenesis. PCS-induced metal resistance is lost upon exposure to an inhibitor of glutathione biosynthesis, a process necessary for phytochelatin formation. Disruption in a fungal PCS gene results in hypersensitivity to Cd 2+ and Cu 2+ and inability to synthesize phytochelatins upon Cd 2+ exposure. Moreover, cells overexpressing PCS produce phytochelatins. These data demonstrate a central role for the PCS gene family in phytochelatin synthesis and metal detoxification in eukaryotes and suggests that PCS genes could be of central importance for engineering plants or other organisms for remediation of metal contaminated soils and waters. We are continuing to experiment with using PCS to increase the metal tolerance of plants. Another focus of this grant was to identify plant membrane proteins that can facilitate uptake of the toxic metal cadmium. We identified a first plant cDNA , named LCT1 (Schachtman et al., 1997), that mediates uptake of the toxic metal cadmium (Clemens et al., 1998). LCT1 was further shown to mediate uptake of calcium into yeast (Clemens et al., 1998). A protocol was further prepared describing new...

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Two-Detector, 512-Element High Purity Germanium Camera Prototype

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Three-Dimensional Position-Sensitive Germanium Detectors

Three-Dimensional Position-Sensitive Germanium Detectors

Three-dimensional position sensing and field shaping in orthogonal-strip germanium gamma-ray detectors

EMSP Project Number 65015 Final Report: Three-dimensional position-sensitive germanium detectors

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