Two-Day Hydrophobic Grid Membrane Filter Method for Yeast and Mold Enumeration in Foods Using YM-11 Agar: Collaborative Study

Entis, Phyllis; Athar, A; Ballenger, Mary C.; Bendeck, M S; Birbari, W; Brock, G; Curiale, Michael S; Estvander, J; Fung, Daniel Y. C.; Green, K; Ingham, Steven C.; Jafary, M M; Jagow, James A.; Kalinowski, R.; Kelley, G. L.; Lee, Y J; Lerner, Irina; Chen, Lin; Mendenhall, C K; Tomer, J; Reyes, Doris; Rivera, Gloria Alejandra Mendez; Rudolph, C; Jh, Ryu; Sado, Patricia N.; Snider, Jane; Soto-Lopez, L; Thakur, Rashmi; Watson, James A.; White, S A; Wilkin, E; Williams, W. D.

doi:10.1093/jaoac/79.5.1069

Cited by 10 publications

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“…The surface plating method is mainly used as a test method for counting fungi, although the direct microscopic method and the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay are also used (Jarvis and others 1983). A few studies using the most probable number (MPN) method (Koburger and Norden 1975), which is traditionally used for bacteria (Oblinger and Koburger 1975), the hydrophobic grid‐membrane filter (HGMF) method (Sharpe 1975), and applications of HGMF method (Brodsky and others 1982; Entis 1996) have also been reported. It was reported that the plate‐MPN method using agar plate media as a substitute for broth had the advantage of using less media than the standard MPN method, and that the result of the plate‐MPN method was in good agreement with that of the standard MPN method (Tan and others 1983); however, there is no report on enumeration methods for fungi with the plate‐MPN method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enumeration of Fungi in Fruits by the Most Probable Number Method

Watanabe

Tsutsumi²,

Lee³

et al. 2010

Journal of Food Science

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In this study, enumeration methods for fungi in foods were evaluated using fruits that are often contaminated by fungi in the field and rot because of fungal contaminants. As the test methods, we used the standard most probable number (MPN) method with liquid medium in test tubes, which is traditionally used as the enumeration method for bacteria, and the plate-MPN method with agar plate media, in addition to the surface plating method as the traditional enumeration method for fungi. We tested 27 samples of 9 commercial domestic fruits using their surface skin. The results indicated that the standard MPN method showed slow recovery of fungi in test tubes and lower counts than the surface plating method and the plate-MPN method in almost all samples. The fungal count on the 4th d of incubation was approximately the same as on the 10th d by the surface plating method or the plate-MPN method, indicating no significant differences between the fungal counts by these 2 methods. This result indicated that the plate-MPN method had a number agreement with the traditional enumeration method. Moreover, the plate-MPN method has a little laborious without counting colonies, because fungal counts are estimated based on the number of plates with growing colonies. These advantages demonstrated that the plate-MPN method is a comparatively superior and rapid method for enumeration of fungi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enumeration of Fungi in Fruits by the Most Probable Number Method

Watanabe

Tsutsumi²,

Lee³

et al. 2010

Journal of Food Science

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“…Past studies using naturally-contaminated or artificially-infected foods showed that the ISO-GRID HGMF compared favorably to conventional agar media used for the enumeration of fungal populations in foods. [2][3][4][5] In this study, a newer HGMF for yeast and mould enumeration, NEO-GRID, was tested against the current FDA (BAM) method to evaluate its efficacy for the quantification of fungi in various naturally-contaminated food commodities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Hydrophobic Grid Membrane Filter for the Enumeration of Moulds and Yeasts in Naturally-Contaminated Foods

Tournas

2009

Microbiol�Insights

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Over 240 food samples from six food groups (tree nuts, grains and grain products, dried fruits, fresh produce, fruit juice, and dairy products) were tested for levels of fungal contamination using the NEO-GRID hydrophobic grid membrane filter (HGMF) and the FDA official (BAM) method. Results showed that HGMF performed very well for all tested commodities giving yeast and mould (YM) counts similar to those of the BAM (reference) method. Statistical analysis of the data (t-test) revealed no significant differences between the two methods for all foods tested. Regression analysis showed that there was a good fit linear relationship between the two methods for most of the commodities examined. Some difficulties were encountered during counting of the colonies on HGMF since the size of the grid is very small and the number of possible colonies per plate can reach 1600.

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Methods for Enumeration, Isolation and Identification

Pitt¹,

Hocking

2022

Fungi and Food Spoilage

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Two-Day Hydrophobic Grid Membrane Filter Method for Yeast and Mold Enumeration in Foods Using YM-11 Agar: Collaborative Study

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Enumeration of Fungi in Fruits by the Most Probable Number Method

Enumeration of Fungi in Fruits by the Most Probable Number Method

Evaluation of the Hydrophobic Grid Membrane Filter for the Enumeration of Moulds and Yeasts in Naturally-Contaminated Foods

Methods for Enumeration, Isolation and Identification

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