Two Cytoplasmic Effectors of <i>Phytophthora sojae</i> Regulate Plant Cell Death via Interactions with Plant Catalases

Zhang, Meixiang; Li, Qi; Liu, Tingli; Liu, Li; Shen, Danyu; Zhu, Ye; Liu, Peihan; Zhou, Jian‐Min; Dou, Daolong

doi:10.1104/pp.114.252437

Cited by 123 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Interestingly, some pathogen effectors have been shown to promote virulence by interfering with ROS induction. For example, the Ustilago maydis fungal effector Pep1, contributes to the penetration of the host epidermis by inhibiting apoplastic plant peroxidases (Hemetsberger et al, 2012), while the Phytophthora sojae effector CRN 115 decrease H 2 O 2 accumulation during infection through interaction with plant catalases (Zhang et al, 2015). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronatine Inhibits Stomatal Closure through Guard Cell-Specific Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase-Dependent ROS Production

et al. 2016

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Microbes trigger stomatal closure through microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). The bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) synthesizes the polyketide toxin coronatine, which inhibits stomatal closure by MAMPs and by the hormone abscisic acid (ABA). The mechanism by which coronatine, a jasmonic acid-isoleucine analog, achieves this effect is not completely clear. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential second messengers in stomatal immunity, therefore we investigated the possible effect of coronatine on their production. We found that coronatine inhibits NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production induced by ABA, and by the flagellin-derived peptide flg22. This toxin also inhibited NADPH oxidase-dependent stomatal closure induced by darkness, however, it failed to prevent stomatal closure by exogenously applied H2O2 or by salicylic acid, which induces ROS production through peroxidases. Contrary to what was observed on stomata, coronatine did not affect the oxidative burst induced by flg22 in leaf disks. Additionally, we observed that in NADPH oxidase mutants atrbohd and atrbohd/f, as well as in guard cell ABA responsive but flg22 insensitive mutants mpk3, mpk6, npr1-3, and lecrk-VI.2-1, the inhibition of ABA stomatal responses by both coronatine and the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium was markedly reduced. Interestingly, coronatine still impaired ABA-induced ROS synthesis in mpk3, mpk6, npr1-3, and lecrk-VI.2-1, suggesting a possible feedback regulation of ROS on other guard cell ABA signaling elements in these mutants. Altogether our results show that inhibition of NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS synthesis in guard cells plays an important role during endophytic colonization by Pst through stomata.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronatine Inhibits Stomatal Closure through Guard Cell-Specific Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase-Dependent ROS Production

et al. 2016

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“…Wawra et al (80) reported C-terminally mediated PI3P binding of AVR3a from P. infestans, while Sun et al (81) found similar binding properties within the Avh5 effector of P. sojae, although the latter concluded that both regions were involved in effector entry into cells. Notably, Zhang et al (54) showed that phospholipid binding of the RXLR effector AVR3a can occur even with denatured proteins, but mutants in the C terminus of AVR3a (79), known to impair phospholipid binding, were not assessed in that study. Our idea of a conserved hosttargeting domain within effectors continues to be challenged by these conflicting findings on the functional relevance of such a domain.…”

Section: How Are Effectors Deployed In the Host?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These effectors act through direct interaction with catalases to overcome host immune responses (54).…”

Section: Effectors Suppress Host Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oomycete Interactions with Plants: Infection Strategies and Resistance Principles

Fawke

Doumane

Schornack

2015

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

170

159

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SUMMARY The Oomycota include many economically significant microbial pathogens of crop species. Understanding the mechanisms by which oomycetes infect plants and identifying methods to provide durable resistance are major research goals. Over the last few years, many elicitors that trigger plant immunity have been identified, as well as host genes that mediate susceptibility to oomycete pathogens. The mechanisms behind these processes have subsequently been investigated and many new discoveries made, marking a period of exciting research in the oomycete pathology field. This review provides an introduction to our current knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms used by oomycetes, including elicitors and effectors, plus an overview of the major principles of host resistance: the established R gene hypothesis and the more recently defined susceptibility (S) gene model. Future directions for development of oomycete-resistant plants are discussed, along with ways that recent discoveries in the field of oomycete-plant interactions are generating novel means of studying how pathogen and symbiont colonizations overlap.

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“…Pepper leaves were infected with P. capsici zoospores suspension (Zhang et al . ). Detached pepper leaves were inoculated with 10 μ L of zoospore suspension (100 zoospores per μ L) and incubated in the dark at 25°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Rapid and equipment‐free detection of Phytophthora capsici using lateral flow strip‐based recombinase polymerase amplification assay

Yu¹,

Shen²,

Dai

et al. 2019

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Phytophthora capsici is an important oomycete pathogen that causes devastating diseases in various crops. Methods for the rapid detection of P. capsici are important for disease control and eradication programmes. Here, we developed an assay based on lateral flow strip‐based recombinase polymerase amplification (LF‐RPA) for the rapid and equipment‐free detection of P. capsici. The specific primers and a probe were designed using the sequence of Ypt1, and the optimal assay conditions were 40°C for 20 min. The specificity of the assay was verified using closely related oomycetes and fungal species, and its detection limit was 10 pg of genomic DNA. In combination with a simple DNA extraction method, the LF‐RPA assay enabled detection of P. capsici in diseased pepper samples without specialized equipment within 30 min. Consequently, the LF‐RPA assay developed in this study enables rapid and equipment‐free detection of P. capsici and has potential for further development as a diagnostic kit for application in the field or in resource‐limited laboratories. Significance and Impact of the Study We developed a novel assay based on lateral flow strip‐based recombinase polymerase amplification (LF‐RPA) for the rapid and equipment‐free detection of Phytophthora capsici. In combination with a simple DNA extraction method, the LF‐RPA assay detected P. capsici in field samples without specialized equipment within 30 min. The assay has potential for further development as a diagnostic kit for application in the field or in resource‐limited laboratories.

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Two Cytoplasmic Effectors of Phytophthora sojae Regulate Plant Cell Death via Interactions with Plant Catalases

Cited by 123 publications

References 45 publications

Coronatine Inhibits Stomatal Closure through Guard Cell-Specific Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase-Dependent ROS Production

Coronatine Inhibits Stomatal Closure through Guard Cell-Specific Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase-Dependent ROS Production

Oomycete Interactions with Plants: Infection Strategies and Resistance Principles

Rapid and equipment‐free detection of Phytophthora capsici using lateral flow strip‐based recombinase polymerase amplification assay

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