Two-Component Signaling System in Filamentous Fungi and the Mode of Action of Dicarboximide and Phenylpyrrole Fungicides

Tanaka, Chihiro; Izumitsu, Kosuke

doi:10.5772/13774

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This matches previously described studies in which fludioxonil was assumed to affect the group III HK directly or even in addition the phosphate-relaying interactions of group III HK with other factors, i.e. phosphotransfer proteins and response regulators (Tanaka & Izumitsu 2010). Fludioxonil is believed to bind MoHik1p, and interactions of MoHik1pþMoSln1p and MoHik1pþMoYpd1p lead subsequently to strong interferences of the phosphorylation patterns.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The commercial fungicide fludioxonil was found to target the HOG signalling pathway by interference with the group III HKs in filamentous fungi, although the exact mechanism of action is still not completely understood (Ochiai et al 2001;Cui et al 2002;Yoshimi et al 2004;Motoyama et al 2005;Tanaka & Izumitsu 2010). However, the HOG pathway and the phosphorelay system are excellent candidates for fungicide targets due to the fact that HKs are absent in mammals (Watanabe, et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The signalling mechanisms of the upstream activators acting on the MAPK cascade and the mechanisms of dephosphorylation of the HKs and the response regulators are yet not well understood (Yoshimi et al 2005 (Catlett et al 2003;Tanaka & Izumitsu 2010). Although the HKs seem to have crucial functions in signalling for pathogens, there have been only a few studies concerning functional analysis of twocomponent hybrid HK genes in pathogenic fungi including the group III HK (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signalling in Magnaporthe oryzae: Identification of MoYPD1 and its role in osmoregulation, fungicide action, and pathogenicity

et al. 2015

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This study comprises a first functional analysis of an YPD1-homologue in filamentous phytopathogenic fungi and its role in the HOG signalling pathway. We generated a gene deletion mutant of the gene MoYPD1 in Magnaporthe oryzae and characterized the resulting mutant strain. We have shown that MoYpd1p is a component of the phosphorelay system acting in the HOG pathway due to its Y2H protein interaction with the HKs MoHik1p and MoSln1p as well as with the response regulator MoSsk1p. Fungicidal activity of fludioxonil was reported to be based on the inhibition of MoHik1p resulting in hyperactivation of the HOG signalling pathway and lethality. Western analysis proved that both, osmotic stress and fludioxonil application resulted in the phosphorylation of the MoHog1p in a MoYpd1p-dependent manner. We therefore consider MoYpd1p to be essential for the regulation capability of the HOG pathway and the fungicide action of fludioxonil, but dispensible for viability. The results indicate that MoYpd1p functions as signal transfer protein between MoSln1p, MoHik1p, and MoSsk1p. Manipulations of the HOG signalling pathway affects the infection-related morphogenesis in M. oryzae, since the mutant strain ΔMoypd1 has a white and fluffy phenotype on complete media, is not able to form spores in various conditions and fails to colonize rice plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signalling in Magnaporthe oryzae: Identification of MoYPD1 and its role in osmoregulation, fungicide action, and pathogenicity

et al. 2015

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“…Two-component histidine kinases are known to be involved in regulating responses to environmental stimuli in fungi and bacteria [132]. The gene encoding the two-component sensor histidine protein kinase Shk1 (SS1G_10091) was up-regulated only at the beginning of the infection (1 hpi) in the current study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Changes in the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum transcriptome during infection of Brassica napus

et al. 2017

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Background Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes stem rot in Brassica napus, which leads to lodging and severe yield losses. Although recent studies have explored significant progress in the characterization of individual S. sclerotiorum pathogenicity factors, a gap exists in profiling gene expression throughout the course of S. sclerotiorum infection on a host plant. In this study, RNA-Seq analysis was performed with focus on the events occurring through the early (1 h) to the middle (48 h) stages of infection.ResultsTranscript analysis revealed the temporal pattern and amplitude of the deployment of genes associated with aspects of pathogenicity or virulence during the course of S. sclerotiorum infection on Brassica napus. These genes were categorized into eight functional groups: hydrolytic enzymes, secondary metabolites, detoxification, signaling, development, secreted effectors, oxalic acid and reactive oxygen species production. The induction patterns of nearly all of these genes agreed with their predicted functions. Principal component analysis delineated gene expression patterns that signified transitions between pathogenic phases, namely host penetration, ramification and necrotic stages, and provided evidence for the occurrence of a brief biotrophic phase soon after host penetration.ConclusionsThe current observations support the notion that S. sclerotiorum deploys an array of factors and complex strategies to facilitate host colonization and mitigate host defenses. This investigation provides a broad overview of the sequential expression of virulence/pathogenicity-associated genes during infection of B. napus by S. sclerotiorum and provides information for further characterization of genes involved in the S. sclerotiorum-host plant interactions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3642-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Protein names are those of S. cerevisiae , if different those of N. crassa are indicated in brackets. Full arrows indicate positive regulations, hashed arrows indicate either positive or negative regulations (different among fungal species), or direct interactions that remain to be demonstrated (reviewed in Bahn, 2008; Tanaka and Izumitsu, 2010; Jung et al, 2012; Herivaux et al, 2016). (B) Protein structure of class III fungal HHKs.…”

Section: From Phenylpyrroles To Osmotic Signal Transductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenylpyrroles: 30 Years, Two Molecules and (Nearly) No Resistance

Kilani¹,

Fillinger²

2016

Front. Microbiol.

101

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Phenylpyrroles are chemical analogs of the natural antifungal compound pyrrolnitrin. Fenpiclonil, but mainly fludioxonil are registered against multiple fungal crop diseases since over 25 years for seed or foliar treatment. They have severe physiological impacts on the pathogen, including membrane hyperpolarization, changes in carbon metabolism and the accumulation of metabolites leading to hyphal swelling and burst. The selection and characterization of mutants resistant to phenylpyrroles have revealed that these fungicides activate the fungal osmotic signal transduction pathway through their perception by a typical fungal hybrid histidine kinase (HHK). The HHK is prone to point mutations that confer fungicide resistance and affect its sensor domain, composed of tandem repeats of HAMP motifs. Fludioxonil resistant mutants have been selected in many fungal species under laboratory conditions. Generally they present severe impacts on fitness parameters. Since only few cases of field resistance specific to phenylpyrroles have been reported one may suspect that the fitness penalty of phenylpyrrole resistance is the reason for the lack of field resistance.

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Two-Component Signaling System in Filamentous Fungi and the Mode of Action of Dicarboximide and Phenylpyrrole Fungicides

Cited by 20 publications

References 55 publications

High osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signalling in Magnaporthe oryzae: Identification of MoYPD1 and its role in osmoregulation, fungicide action, and pathogenicity

High osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signalling in Magnaporthe oryzae: Identification of MoYPD1 and its role in osmoregulation, fungicide action, and pathogenicity

Changes in the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum transcriptome during infection of Brassica napus

Phenylpyrroles: 30 Years, Two Molecules and (Nearly) No Resistance

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