Two closely related species differ in their regional genetic differentiation despite admixing

Schmidt, Lisanna; Fischer, Markus; Oja, Tõnu

doi:10.1093/aobpla/ply007

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…In small populations the effect of genetic drift could prevent local adaptation (Whitlock, 2003), as the ability to adapt may be compromised due to reduced genetic diversity (Pertoldi et al, 2007). We detected relatively high genetic diversity for C. viridula, despite its generally small population sizes (Schmidt et al, 2018) and we also found evidence for its adaptation to regional environments. Also for Arabis fecunda and Carlina vulgaris adaptation to local conditions was found despite small, isolated or fragmented populations (McKay et al, 2001;Becker et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…S1). We collected 572 genotypes from 43 natural populations of C. flava, C. viridula and C. x subviridula from those three regions, performed morphological and genetic differentiation analyses (Schmidt et al, 2017;Schmidt et al, 2018) and then propagated and transplanted cuttings of each genotype to pots in three gardens, one in each of the three regions. The regions differ in major environmental factors, including temperature, precipitation and day length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic differentiation, phenotypic plasticity and adaptation in a hybridizing pair of a more common and a less common Carex species

et al. 2018

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Phenotypic variation may be genetically determined or reflect phenotypic plasticity. More common plants are expected to be less differentiated between and within regions and more adapted than less common ones. However, such differences might not develop in hybridizing species which cannot evolve completely independently. We collected 311 genets of Carex flava, 215 of C. viridula and 46 of their hybrid C. × subviridula from 42 natural populations in cold temperate Estonia, mild temperate Lowland Switzerland and alpine Highland Switzerland. Three plantlets from each genet were planted to three experimental gardens, one in each region. We measured survival, growth, reproduction and morphological traits. The experimental transplants showed strong plasticity and grew smallest in the alpine garden. The less common C. viridula was slightly more differentiated between regions of origin than the more common C. flava and the hybrid. However, this depended on the experimental garden. Significant originby-garden-by-taxon and taxon-by-garden interactions suggest differential adaptation among populations and taxa. Regional differed from non-regional plants in several traits indicating both adaptations and, especially for C. viridula, maladaptations to the home regions. For C. flava, plant seed production was higher when mean annual temperature and precipitation were more similar between population of origin and garden, suggesting local adaptation to climate. Hybrids were intermediate between parental taxa or more similar to one of them, which was retained across gardens. We conclude that plasticity, genetic variation and genotype-environment interactions all contributed to regional differentiation of the closely related species. Hybridization did not completely align evolutionary patterns, and the less common species showed slightly more genetic differentiation between populations and more maladapted traits than the more common one.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic differentiation, phenotypic plasticity and adaptation in a hybridizing pair of a more common and a less common Carex species

et al. 2018

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“…The chloroplast genome is maternally inherited in angiosperm, having its own independent evolutionary route [6]. The chloroplast genome shows collinearity among the plant kingdom, which is why phylogenetic trees are constructed on the basis of chloroplast data, and the genome structure of chloroplast provides information regarding the specie origin, evolution, and also the differences between closely related and other species [7]. In recent years, with the advent of advanced sequencing technology, more chloroplast genomes have been sequenced [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Chloroplast Genomics of Endangered Euphorbia Species: Insights into Hotspot Divergence, Repetitive Sequence Variation, and Phylogeny

Khan

Asaf

Khan

et al. 2020

Plants

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Euphorbia is one of the largest genera in the Euphorbiaceae family, comprising 2000 species possessing commercial, medicinal, and ornamental importance. However, there are very little data available on their molecular phylogeny and genomics, and uncertainties still exist at a taxonomic level. Herein, we sequence the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of two species, E. larica and E. smithii, of the genus Euphorbia through next-generation sequencing and perform a comparative analysis with nine related genomes in the family. The results revealed that the cp genomes had similar quadripartite structure, gene content, and genome organization with previously reported genomes from the same family. The size of cp genomes ranged from 162,172 to 162,358 bp with 132 and 133 genes, 8 rRNAs, 39 tRNA in E. smithii and E. larica, respectively. The numbers of protein-coding genes were 85 and 86, with each containing 19 introns. The four-junction regions were studied and results reveal that rps19 was present at JLB (large single copy region and inverted repeat b junction) in E. larica where its complete presence was located in the IRb (inverted repeat b) region in E. smithii. The sequence comparison revealed that highly divergent regions in rpoC1, rpocB, ycf3, clpP, petD, ycf1, and ndhF of the cp genomes might provide better understanding of phylogenetic inferences in the Euphorbiaceae and order Malpighiales. Phylogenetic analyses of this study illustrate sister clades of E. smithii with E. tricullii and these species form a monophyletic clade with E. larica. The current study might help us to understand the genome architecture, genetic diversity among populations, and evolutionary depiction in the genera.

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“…Carex viridula is encountered both in calcareous, extremely and moderately rich fens, wet grasslands, and in very poor habitats such as dunes and sandy lake shores. Carex viridula frequently co-occurs with both C. lepidocarpa and C. flava, and much more seldom with C. demissa (Więcław 2014a,b) and hybridizes with all three mentioned species (Więcław and Wilhelm 2014;Schmidt et al 2018). Carex viridula is morphologically different from both C. flava and C. lepidocarpa, mainly in its much smaller utricles and shorter beaks, but is morphologically very close to C. demissa (e.g.…”

Section: Ecological Differentiation Within Closely Related Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of plant communities with Carex flava agg. in Poland and their relationship with soil properties

Więcław

Podlasiński

2020

Folia Geobot

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The Carex flava aggregate belongs to one of the most taxonomically difficult groups of sedges which colonize diverse habitats, from organic to sandy, from acidic to alkaline, usually humid and moist. The study included 129 vegetation plots and ten soil variables (organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, carbonates, carbon, nitrogen, pH, and the ratio between organic carbon and nitrogen). The main aim was to determine the relationships between the various plant communities C. flava agg. occur in and their soil properties. With the aid of the two-way indicator species analysis and cluster analysis, we delimited nine vegetation types from the Scheuchzerio palustris-Caricetea fuscae, Littorelletea uniflorae, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and Alnetea glutinosae classes differing in their response to soil properties. The CCA revealed pH, N, K, C, CaCO3, P and Ca to be statistically significant, and to account for 11.55% of the total variance in species composition. The largest differences, both in terms of species composition and in soil conditions, were revealed between communities with C. lepidocarpa and C. demissa. Carex lepidocarpa occurred in calcareous and extremely rich fens (Caricion davallianae) whereas C. demissa was found to occur in poor and moderately rich fens (Sphagno-Caricion canescentis, Caricion canescenti-nigrae). Carex flava grew mostly in calcareous, rich fens and wet grasslands (Caricion davallianae, Calthion palustris). Carex viridula was found in both calcareous, extremely and moderately rich fens and wet grasslands, and in nutrient-poor habitats such as dunes and sandy lake shores. The ecological niche of C. viridula is very wide and this species showed no affinity to any specific syntaxon.

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Two closely related species differ in their regional genetic differentiation despite admixing

Cited by 5 publications

References 92 publications

Genetic differentiation, phenotypic plasticity and adaptation in a hybridizing pair of a more common and a less common Carex species

Genetic differentiation, phenotypic plasticity and adaptation in a hybridizing pair of a more common and a less common Carex species

Comparative Chloroplast Genomics of Endangered Euphorbia Species: Insights into Hotspot Divergence, Repetitive Sequence Variation, and Phylogeny

Diversity of plant communities with Carex flava agg. in Poland and their relationship with soil properties

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