Two Cases of Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Accompanied by High Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels and Preservation of Ovarian Follicles

Chun, Sungwook; Koo, Yu-Jin; Na, Yong Jin

doi:10.6118/jmm.20004

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Likewise, the levels of sex-related hormones such as FSH, LH, and E2 remained unchanged after the induction of POI. One reason for this could be that the current protocol only induced a non-overt POI model using the CTX injection, and the reduction of FSH, LH, and E2 levels can be compensated with the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in response to the pathologies that occurred inside the ovaries [ 52 , 53 ]. The levels of sex-related hormones can vary in POI models depending on the primordial follicle pool and rapid follicle exhaustion [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amniotic fluid-derived exosomes attenuated fibrotic changes in POI rats through modulation of the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway

et al. 2023

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In the current study, we investigated the regenerative effects of amniotic fluid exosomes (AF-Exos) in a rat model for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). POI is a condition characterized by a decrease in ovarian function that can lead to infertility. We induced POI by administering cyclophosphamide (CTX) for 15 consecutive days, and then transplanted AF-Exos directly into both ovarian tissues. Four weeks later, we measured the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2), and performed histopathological evaluations using H & E and Masson’s trichrome staining. We also monitored the expression of genes related to the TGF-β signaling pathway using real-time PCR and examined the fertility rate of POI rats after AF-Exos therapy. Histological analysis showed an increase in atretic follicles and a decrease in healthy follicle count after POI induction. Four weeks post-AF-Exos intervention, the healthy follicle count increased (p < 0.01) while the atretic follicle count decreased (p < 0.001). In parallel, the deposition of collagen fibers also decreased following AF-Exos transplantation. The concentrations of FSH and LH hormones in sera remained unchanged after injection of AF-Exos, while E2 levels increased (p < 0.05). The expression of Smad-4 (p < 0.01) and Smad-6 (p < 0.05) was upregulated in POI rats that received AF-Exos, while Smad-2, TGF-β1, TNF-α, and IL-10 remained statistically unchanged. Our records showed a notable increase in litter number after AF-Exos compared to the non-treated POI rats. These results suggest that AF-Exos transplantation has the potential to restore ovarian function through the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway in POI rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amniotic fluid-derived exosomes attenuated fibrotic changes in POI rats through modulation of the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway

et al. 2023

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“…Рідкісні форми передчасної яєчникової недостатності (внаслідок мутацій рецептора ЛГ і аутоімунні форми) також можуть супроводжуватись високими, а не низькими рівнями АМГ, що на перший погляд парадоксально поєднуються з високими рівнями гонадотропінів і низькими значеннями естрадіолу [42,43].…”

Section: стани що супроводжуються вищими за популяційні рівнями амгunclassified

Application areas of modern automated methods of anti-Müllerian hormone evaluation

Бурка

Тутченко

Kudlai³

et al. 2021

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Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMН) is a glycopeptide of the transforming growth factors β-family, used in many medical fields. Understanding of the biological role of AMH at norm and at pathology such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is expanding. This review includes the literature analysis on the synthesis and biological role of AMH in women and men; factors influencing its level; possibilities and limitations of clinical use of AMH in pediatric endocrinology/urogynecology, reproductive medicine, diagnosis of PCOS and other dyshormonal conditions, oncofertility programs and diagnosis of genital tumors.Effects of AMH in women: inhibiting the entry of primordial follicles into growth, control of follicle sensitivity to follicle-stimulating hormone, participation in the selection of the dominantfollicle, inhibition of aromatase activity in granulosa cells of the follicle, regulation of the gonadotropic generator of gonadotropic releasing hormone.AMH is an important component of predicting the response to ovulation stimulation in infertile women, diagnosis of nonclassical forms of PCOS, premature ovarian failure to the developmentof amenorrhea, other hormonal diseases, granulosa cell tumors, decisions about the possibility of maintaining reproductive function after cancer treatment. Currently, AMH cannot be used asa tool for individualized prediction of the age of menopause, fertility. It is not recommended to decide on the use of cryotechnologies based only on the AMH level.Evolution of laboratory estimation of АМН as an important factor of impact on clinical and scientific application of research is also considered. Despite significant improvements in thetechnical characteristics of test systems for determining the AMH level, there are limitations in the use of this diagnostic marker due to the lack of standardization. This shortcoming can beovercome by following principles: do not base important clinical decisions only at the AMH level, and use this indicator in conjunction with other laboratory parameters and clinical data;adhere to the consistent use of one automated test system until the introduction of the standard in laboratory practice.

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Two Cases of Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Accompanied by High Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels and Preservation of Ovarian Follicles

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Amniotic fluid-derived exosomes attenuated fibrotic changes in POI rats through modulation of the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway

Amniotic fluid-derived exosomes attenuated fibrotic changes in POI rats through modulation of the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway

Application areas of modern automated methods of anti-Müllerian hormone evaluation

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