Two cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma of urinary bladder: Primary and secondary

Abstract

Lymphoma of urinary bladder is rare and can be primary (0.2% of all bladder neoplasms) or secondary (1.8% of secondary tumors of the bladder), the latter being more common. Here, we report a case each of primary and secondary lymphoma of the bladder who had undergone treatment at our hospital. Both patients underwent cystoscopy and resection of the bladder growth followed by immunohistochemical staining which revealed them to be lymphomas.

A rare cause for hematuria: Lymphoma of the urinary bladder

“…Extranodal marginal zone lymphomas or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas were first described by Isaacson in 1983 where he postulated the MALT concept to explain the development of lymphomas in organs with no lymphoid tissues. [1] This concept of acquisition of lymphoid tissue due to chronic antigenic stimulation by a bacterial infection is supported by the history of chronic cystitis, seen in around 20%-40% of the cases. [3] On the other hand, in those cases with no such previous history, like ours, the alternative hypothesis is the development of tumors from the lymphoid tissue derived from the embryonic cloaca.…”

“…Age (years)/gender Presenting symptoms Treatment Outcome D'Souza et al [1] 56/male Hematuria, clot retention TURBT CR at 3 years Combaz and Kuhn [2] 67/female Recurrent cystitis, asthenia Rituximab (375 mg/m 2 weekly, 4 weeks) CR at 3 years Isono et al, 2018 [3] 77/female Frequency, hematuria, cystitis Radiotherapy (30.6 Gy in 17 fractions) CR at 5 years Ozawa et al [5] 72/female Thrombocytosis TURBT CR at 13 months Matsuda et al [7] 78/female Refractory cystitis and renal dysfunction Rituximab × 4 cycles PR Haddad-Lacle et al, 2014 [8] 54/male Low back pain Radiotherapy (30.6 Gy in 17 fractions) No recurrence at 3 years Chen et al [9] 63/female Gross hematuria and urethral caruncle Radiotherapy to bladder (36 Gy) and pelvic and inguinal lymph nodes (45 Gy)…”

“…Primary lymphomas of the urinary bladder are rare, representing 0.2% of all known bladder cancers. [1] The most common symptoms of bladder lymphomas are macroscopic hematuria, dysuria, and increased frequency of micturition. [2] In the literature reported so far, patients are usually elderly and have a history of chronic cystitis.…”