Two cases of equine primary gastric impaction

Owen, Robert; Jagger, D W; Jagger, Fiona

doi:10.1136/vr.121.5.102

Cited by 28 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…These differences could be because of a more chronic and severe stage of disease in the cases reported in this study or because of a different entity. There are further differences between the chronic cases described in this study to more acute cases with a median history of three days (Vainio et al 2011) in the recent reports: these cases are often presented with overweight and a great appetite (Rodriguez Hurtago et al 2007 reviewed by Freeman 2011), most reports included ponies (Owen et al 1987, Rodriguez Hurtago et al 2007 reviewed by Freeman 2011), the presenting complaint was acute colic, and there was less common a prolonged history of sings (Bird et al 2012). The intestinal motility was usual markedly decreased or absent (Freeman 2011) and the prognosis was usually good with a short term survival of 90 % and a long term survival of 75 % (Vainio et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Due to the severity, chronicity, advanced stage of debilitation and lack of response to initial treatment, an unfavourable long term prognosis was given to these patients, and euthanasia recommended and elected by the owners. However, it must be acknowledged that reports of successful surgical management of the condition can be found in the veterinary literature, with success apparently depending on the primary cause of the dilatation (Jones et al 1972, Owen et al 1987, Parker et al 2011). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic gastric impaction and dilatation in horses: Clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment options and pathologic findings – A case series

Klier¹,

Blutke²,

Emrich³

et al. 2017

PHK

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Summary: The aim of this study was to summarize and evaluate clinical appearance, laboratory parameters, special ancillary diagnostic tests, treatments and post-mortem pathological findings of chronic gastric impaction and dilatation in horses. Chronic gastric impaction and dilatation is a rare, progressive disease, which is usually detected in its advanced stage. Its aetiology has not yet been fully clarified. Acute primary gastric impaction (from excess volume intake) and secondary gastric impaction (from reflux from the small intestine) must be differentiated from chronic gastric impaction and dilatation. Suspected causes of chronic gastric impaction and dilatation include pyloric stenosis, gastric ulcers, gastric tumours, indigestible feed, feed with high fibre content and dental problems. Motility disorders with resulting gastric impaction and dilatation have also been described in the context of liver diseases. Additional theories suggest damage to the vagus nerve or the intramural nervous system of the stomach and aplasia of the autonomous ganglia of the myenteric and submucosal plexus. It is a retrospective case study of four cases of chronic gastric impaction and dilatation between 2010 and 2013 concerning clinical appearance, laboratory parameters, ancillary diagnostic tests, treatment options and post-mortem pathological findings. For comparison, an additional case of delayed gastric emptying with successful conservative treatment is presented. In one case, nerve degeneration was confirmed and could possibly explain the chronic gastric impaction. A recurrent finding was the adaptive enlargement of the stomach with significant thinning of the muscularis, which was evident in all cases. This is likely to be the result of chronic dilation with a gradually prolonged filling of the stomach leading to 'stretching' of the stomach wall and therefore also a loss of motility, which could be equated to dilated cardiomyopathy, where cardiac output volume decreases with dilation. Gross pathology revealed greatly enlarged stomachs with dry impacted feed material of 43 kg, 46 kg and 108 kg. The treatment options for the disease, whether conservative or surgical depend on the severity and cause of the gastric impaction, and are said to have a very poor or unfavourable prognosis. Chronic gastric impaction can lead to a rupture of the stomach and therefore the prognosis is generally suspected to be grave. Perhaps early identification of delayed gastric emptying and chronic gastric impaction via repetitive gastroscopy could allow for a more successful treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic gastric impaction and dilatation in horses: Clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment options and pathologic findings – A case series

Klier¹,

Blutke²,

Emrich³

et al. 2017

PHK

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“…Eine diagnostisch-therapeutische Laparotomie mit anschließender Gastrotomie und Ausräumen des Mageninhalts wird von einigen Autoren empfohlen (Owen et al 1987, Huskamp et al 2006. Auch eine chirurgische Verkleinerung des Magens kann versucht werden (Huskamp et al 2000).…”

Section: Magenüberladungunclassified

Diagnostic and treatment of equine stomach diseases

May¹,

Venner²,

Cavicchioli³

et al. 2012

PHK

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ZusammenfassungMagenerkrankungen kommen bei Pferden häufig vor, stellen jedoch für den Tierarzt oftmals eine Herausforderung dar. Dies ist zum einen darin begründet, dass der Magen aufgrund seiner anatomischen Lage schwer zugänglich ist. Schlüsselwörter: Magen / Pferd / Diagnostik / Therapie / Gastroskopie Diagnostic and treatment of equine stomach diseasesGastric diseases are very common in horses but can be a diagnostic challenge for the veterinarian. This is on the one hand caused by the fact that the stomach is not easily accessible due to its anatomic location. On the other hand associated clinical symptoms can be variable as well as non-specific, so it is often not easy to interpret them. Furthermore, symptoms do not correlate with the severity of the diseaseresulting in the fact that a gastric disorder is often diagnosed late in its course. Diagnostic tools are endoscopy of the stomach (gastroscopy), which often enables to diagnose the disease itself, as well as sonography, transendoscopic biopsy, examination of faeces and laboratory tests. Apart from endoscopy, all examination techniques have limited informative value. Gastric ulcers are very common in horses. They occur in both foals and adult horses and their aetiology is often multifactorial including keeping and feeding management, training and stress, as well as NSAIDs. Involvement of Helicobacter pylori/equorum has been previously discussed. For prevention or therapy of gastric ulcers a strict feeding regime has to be introduced and the horses should be treated with omeprazole. Acute and chronic gastric dilations can be causes for abdominal pain in horses, and treatment attempts with nasogastric tubing and lavation should be made. As a consequence of gastric dilation gastric rupture can occur. Prognosis in this case is hopeless. Other gastric diseases can be due to parasites or neoplasia.

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“…Sie wird als eine persistierende oder progressive Akkumulation von dehydrierter Ingesta im Magen beschrieben (Owen et al 1987). Man unterscheidet primäre und sekundäre Magenüberladungen.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Eine inadequate Wasseraufnahme spielt in vielen Fällen ebenso eine entscheidende Rolle wie Zahnerkrankungen, zu hastige Futteraufnahme oder der unkontrollierte Zugang zu Kraftfutter. Weiterhin kann eine Erkrankung zugrunde liegen, die die Sekretion der Magensäure oder die Motilität und Entleerung des Magens beeinträchtigt (beispielsweise eine Pylorusstenose) (Freeman 2011, Owen et al 1987, Sanchez 2010, Vainio et al 2011. Es kommt häufig zu einer schichtweisen Füllung des Magens mit dehydrierter Ingesta, die nur unzureichend mit Speichel und Magensaft durchtränkt werden kann.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified