Two cases of dizygotic triplet pregnancy following conventional in vitro fertilization

Abstract

The mechanism of monozygotic multifetal pregnancy and its association with assisted reproductive technology are uncertain. This report presents two cases of dizygotic triplet pregnancy after the transfer of three embryos in utero. The incidence of monozygotic twinning following assisted conception procedures is higher than in the general population. Zonal manipulation may be a major factor in the increased incidence of monozygotic twinning. As both cases followed the conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF), the reason for these monozygotic twinnings might be because of the changes in the zona pellucida in in vitro conditions. In one case, fetuses developed into severe twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), resulting in one intrauterine fetal death at 26 weeks gestation. (Reprod Med Biol 2003; 2: 41-44)

Five cases of dizygotic triplet pregnancy following assisted reproductive techniques

“…In multiple embryo transfer, if one embryo results in monozygotic twinning and another embryo is also implanted, then a dizygotic triplet pregnancy or higher‐order multiple pregnancy occurs 14–19 . Alikani et al .…”

“…In multiple embryo transfer, if one embryo results in monozygotic twinning and another embryo is also implanted, then a dizygotic triplet pregnancy or higher-order multiple pregnancy occurs. [14][15][16][17][18][19] Alikani et al reported that another embryo was also implanted in 63% of cases of monozygotic twinning. 7 At our clinic, of the 10 cases of monozygotic twinning following ART, another embryo was also implanted in five cases, producing dizygotic triplets.…”