Two cases of "cannabis acute psychosis" following the administration of oral cannabis

Favrat, Bernard; Ménétrey, Annick; Augsburger, Marc; Rothuizen, Laura E.; Appenzeller, M.; Buclin, Thierry; Pin, Marie A.; Mangin, Patrice; Giroud, Christian

doi:10.1186/1471-244x-5-17

Cited by 79 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Conversely, high concentrations of the same compounds are generally associated with the opposite outcomes (31, 49,50). In human studies, it has been reported that consumption of modest amounts of cannabis and CB1 receptor agonists would result in euphoria, relaxation, heightened perception, sociability, and creativity while moderate to high doses have been reported to elicit phobia, agitation, panic, dysphoria, and cognitive impairments (42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47). In line with these premises, early studies showed a robust anxiolytic effect of lowdose nabilone in comparison with placebo (51,52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the cannabinoid receptor agonists produce anxiolytic effects in the plus maze at low doses (35) and produce an anxiogenic profile in higher doses (41). Furthermore, it has been shown that THC and other CB1 receptor agonists exert a bidirectional influence on anxiety responses according to the administrated dosage (42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47). The biphasic effects of cannabinoids on anxiety-related responses have been extensively documented in rodents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction Between L-Type Calcium Channels and Antagonist of Cannabinoid System on Anxiety in Male Rat

Komaki‬¹,

Haghgooyan²,

Shahidi³

et al. 2014

Avicenna J Neuro Psych Physio

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Background:The elevated plus-maze (EPM) has been broadly used to investigate anxiolytic and anxiogenic compounds. There is little information about the effect of interaction between calcium channels and cannabinoid system on the phenomenon of anxiety. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effects of acute and chronic coadministration of AM251, as cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, and Verapamil, as L-type Ca 2+ channels blocker, on EPM test in rats. Conclusions: IP injection of CB1 receptor antagonist might have an anxiogenic profile in rat, whereas calcium channel blocker attenuated the anxiogenic effect of AM251. Our results suggest that there is an interaction between functions of L-type Ca 2+ channels and cannabinoid system in anxiety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction Between L-Type Calcium Channels and Antagonist of Cannabinoid System on Anxiety in Male Rat

Komaki‬¹,

Haghgooyan²,

Shahidi³

et al. 2014

Avicenna J Neuro Psych Physio

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“…64 ). Even though the oral route may look safer than inhalation (toxic compounds originated during cannabis combustion, more precise dosing), it may result in more frequent central adverse effects [66][67][68] possibly due to greater proportion of active metabolite 11-OH THC to parent THC (ref. 69,70 ).…”

Section: Oral Ingestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical cannabis in the treatment of cancer pain and spastic conditions and options of drug delivery in clinical practice

Landa¹,

Juřica²,

Slíva³

et al. 2018

BIOMED PAP

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The use of cannabis for medical purposes has been recently legalised in many countries including the Czech Republic. As a result, there is increased interest on the part of physicians and patients in many aspects of its application. This mini review briefly covers the main active substances of the cannabis plant and mechanisms of action. It focuses on two conditions, cancer pain and spasticity in multiple sclerosis, where its effects are well-documented. A comprehensive overview of a few cannabis-based products and the basic pharmacokinetics of marijuana's constituents follows. The review concludes with an outline for preparing cannabis (dried inflorescence) containing drug dosage forms that can be produced in a hospital pharmacy.

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“…O potencial psicótico agudo da maconha e de seus canabinoides tem sido demonstrado por estudos que documentam que os sintomas são dose-dependentes entre voluntários saudáveis que utilizaram maconha sob condições experimentais 37,38 . Além disso, evidências atuais suportam que a cannabis é um "componente-causa" da psicose crônica, o que significa que a utilização de maconha por usuários jovens aumenta a probabilidade de desenvolvimento de esquizofrenia ou outras desordens psicóticas.…”

Section: Psicose E Esquizofreniaunclassified

Canabinoides sintéticos: drogas de abuso emergentes

Alves¹,

Spaniol²,

Linden³

2012

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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ResumoContexto: A Cannabis sativa (cannabis, maconha, marijuana) é uma droga de abuso com efeitos psicoativos e potencial terapêutico bastante conhecidos. Um grande número de canabinoides foi sintetizado na tentativa de excluir ou minimizar os efeitos psicotrópicos e mantendo as aplicações terapêuticas. Os canabinoides sintéticos representam o mais recente avanço das designer drugs. Objetivos: Este trabalho busca trazer informações sobre a utilização de canabinoides sintéticos como drogas de abuso emergentes, principalmente sob a forma de spice ou herbal blends. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica na base de dados PubMed utilizando os descritores de assunto "synthetic cannabinoids", "spice", "legal highs", "herbal blends", "psychosis cannabis" e suas combinações. Resultados: Foram encontrados canabinoides sintéticos nos produtos Spice, confirmando que os incensos herbais realmente surgiram como drogas de abuso emergentes. Conclusão: Não está claro se a utilização de canabinoides sintéticos e de Spice é uma moda passageira ou se irá se estabelecer em nossa sociedade. No entanto, o fenômeno das designer drugs, especialmente canabinoides sintéticos, representa um desafio presente para o sistemas de saúde no mundo globalizado, tornando-se necessária a pesquisa clínica e forense desses produtos.Alves AO, et al. / Rev Psiq Clín. 2012;39(4):142-8 Palavras-chave: Canabinoides sintéticos, Spice, legal highs, incensos herbais, psicose da maconha. AbstractBackground: Cannabis sativa (cannabis, marijuana) is a drug of abuse with well known psychoactive effects and therapeutic potential. A large number of cannabinoids chemically similar to Δ 9 -THC, the main active metabolite of marijuana, were synthesized in an attempt to exclude or minimize the psychotropic effects, maintaining the therapeutic potential. Objectives: The aim of this work was to review of the use of synthetic cannabinoids as emerging drugs of abuse, especially in the form of spice or herbal blends. Methods: A bibliographic search was performed in PubMed employing the terms "synthetic cannabinoids", "spice", "legal highs", "herbal blends", "psychosis cannabis" and cross references. Results: A number of synthetic cannabinoids can be found in Spice products, confirming that herbal incense emerged as new drugs of abuse. Discussion: It is unclear whether the use of synthetic cannabinoids and Spice is a fad or will be established as common practice in our society. However, the phenomenon of designer drugs, especially synthetic cannabinoids, will remain a challenge to health authorities in the globalized world, requiring additional clinical and forensic research.

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Two cases of "cannabis acute psychosis" following the administration of oral cannabis

Abstract: Background : Cannabis is the most commonly used illegal drug and its therapeutic aspects have a growing interest. Short-term psychotic reactions have been described but not clearly with synthetic oral THC, especially in occasional users.

Cited by 79 publications

References 25 publications

Interaction Between L-Type Calcium Channels and Antagonist of Cannabinoid System on Anxiety in Male Rat

Interaction Between L-Type Calcium Channels and Antagonist of Cannabinoid System on Anxiety in Male Rat

Medical cannabis in the treatment of cancer pain and spastic conditions and options of drug delivery in clinical practice

Canabinoides sintéticos: drogas de abuso emergentes

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