Two Birds with One Stone: Defect Passivation and Energy Level Optimization Achieved by Using Ionic Liquid Additives for Printable Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency beyond 16%

Abstract

Printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (p-MPSCs) have received extensive attention from researchers and entrepreneurs worldwide because of their low cost, simple manufacturing process, and feasible fabricate in air. However, the wide application of p-MPSCs is limited by their relatively low power conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, we propose a performance enhancement strategy for p-MPSCs by introducing 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BZMIMCl) ionic liquid into a perovskite precursor. The BZMIMCl ionic liquid optimized the crystallization of perovskite films, modulated the energy band alignment of the perovskite, and improved carrier transport, thereby enhancing the overall photovoltaic parameters and stability of p-MPSCs. The champion PCE of the BZMIMCl-optimized device was 16.06%. Moreover, the unencapsulated p-MPSCs containing BZMIMCl maintained ∼89.6% of its maximum value after being stored for 60 days in an atmospheric environment (25 ± 5 °C @ 50 ± 5% RH, in the dark). This work further promotes the application of ionic liquids in the development of efficient p-MPSCs.

Stability and spectroscopic analysis of CsPbBr3quantum dots modified with 2-n-octyl-1-dodecanol

“…It is evident that the PL intensity increases considerably following 2-n-octyl-1-dodecanol introduction, and the PL peak undergoes a blue shi when introducing 71.2 mL and 142.5 mL 2-n-octyl-1-dodecanol, indicating a decrease in the internal defect state density. 20,21 Specically, the PL peak position undergoes a red-shi following the introduction of 213.8 mL 2-n-octyl-1-dodecanol, demonstrating that an excess of 2-n-octyl-1-dodecanol can affect the crystal structure. 22,23 The gures in Fig.…”

Improved Interfacial Contact Between “Perovskite/Electron‐Transport Layer” by Hydrophilic Molecule to Achieve Efficiency >14%, Carbon Electrode‐Based, Hole‐Conductor‐Free, Low‐Temperature Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells

“…PCEs are peaked from the published literatures for both low‐ and high‐temperature devices. [ 16,18,51–59 ] The red arrows show the PCE gap (%).…”

“…PCEs are peaked from the published literatures for both low-and high-temperature devices. [16,18,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] The red arrows show the PCE gap (%). and retard recombination, and then upgrade device efficiency of the low-temperature meso-CPSCs.…”

Recent advances in ionic molecules applied in perovskite solar cells

“…However, hydrophilic components such as ionic groups should also be included in these molecules to Fig. 21 Chemical structures of PF5A, PF5N, PF5O, 145 QPSCl, 146 PL-A, 147 FSA, 148 LPEI, 149 BED, 150 DMIMB, 151 C4I, C6I, 152 EMIMSCN, 154 BZMIMCl, 155 EMIM-TFSI, 157 and MOCs. ensure adequate coverage of the perovskite films.…”

“…Fig.21Chemical structures of PF5A, PF5N, PF5O,145 QPSCl,146 PL-A,147 FSA,148 LPEI,149 BED, 150 DMIMB, 151 C4I, C6I,152 EMIMSCN,154 BZMIMCl,155 EMIM-TFSI,157 and MOCs 159. …”