Twisting light with hyperbolic metamaterials

Sun, Jingbo; Zeng, Jinwei; Litchinitser, Natalia M.

doi:10.1364/oe.21.014975

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Hyperbolic media in the visible and near-infrared frequency regime can physically be realized with metal (plasmonic)-dielectric nanolayers or nanowire composites [1][2][3]. Extensive studies have been carried out of monochromatic plane wave and beam propagation in hyperbolic media [4,5]; also, of the reflection and refraction of plane waves incident on the interface of an isotropic and a hyperbolic metamaterial [6]. It has been established that a uniaxial anisotropic material with ε xr (ω) < 0 and ε zr (ω) > 0 exhibits negative refraction behavior for TM polarization for all incident angles, but the TE polarization behaves altogether differently [7,8].…”

Section: Hyperbolic Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized Monochromatic and Pulsed Waves in Hyperbolic Metamaterials

Besieris¹,

Shaarawi²

2013

PIER

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Section: Hyperbolic Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized Monochromatic and Pulsed Waves in Hyperbolic Metamaterials

Besieris¹,

Shaarawi²

2013

PIER

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“…Such beams are generally produced by introducing a wavefront modification, usually applied to a conventional Gaussian beam, and achieved by passage through a number of optical elements. [1][2][3][4][5] The device that offers the widest variety of radiation mode structures is a spatial light modulator 6,7 which has the boon of dynamic control over the pixel formation and resultant transmission structure. The form of structured light that has been most widely studied is the Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) mode, wherein each photon is capable of conveying an angular momentum that is not associated with spin character.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum issues with structured light

Williams

Andrews

2016

SPIE Proceedings

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Descriptions of optical beams with structured wavefronts or vector polarizations are widely cast in terms of classical field theory. The corresponding fully quantum counterparts often present new insights into what is physically observed, and they are especially of interest when tackling issues such as entanglement. Similarly, when determining angular momentum densities, it appears that the separate roles of photon spin and beam topological charge can only be satisfactorily addressed within a quantum framework. In some such respects, the quantum versions of theory might be considered to introduce an additional layer of complexity; in others, they can clearly and very substantially simplify the theoretical representation. At the photon level, the fully quantized descriptions of topologically structured and singular beams nonetheless raise important fundamental questions and puzzles, whose resolution continue to invite attention. Many of the mechanistic interpretations and predictions (those that appear to be supported by a true congruence between classic and quantum optical descriptions, essentially conflating electromagnetic field and state wavefunction concepts) can lead to theoretical pitfalls. This paper highlights some physical implications that emerge from a fully quantum treatment of theory.

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“…There are several well documented and experimentally proven mechanisms for bestowing OAM character onto a conventional beam, for example, by passage through pitchfork holograms [41][42][43], paired cylindrical lenses [44], q plates [45], hyperbolic metamaterials [46], spiral phase plates [47], or spatial light modulators (SLMs) [48,49]. The many recent advances in such devices have provided new insights into the interaction and coupling between the spin and orbital angular momenta [50], experimentally exploited in a q plate, and also the nonuniform polarization fields of other "vector" beams [51][52][53].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct generation of optical vortices

2014

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A detailed scheme is established for the direct generation of optical vortices, signifying light endowed with orbital angular momentum. In contrast to common techniques based on the tailored conversion of the wave front in a conventional beam, this method provides for the direct spontaneous emission of photons with the requisite field structure. This form of optical emission results directly from the electronic relaxation of a delocalized exciton state that is supported by a ringlike array of three or more nanoscale chromophores. An analysis of the conditions leads to a general formulation revealing a requirement for the array structure to adhere to one of a restricted set of permissible symmetry groups. It is shown that the coupling between chromophores within each array leads to an energy level splitting of the exciton structure, thus providing for a specific linking of exciton phase and emission wavelength. For emission, arrays conforming to one of the given point-group families' doubly degenerate excitons exhibit the specific phase characteristics necessary to support vortex emission. The highest order of exciton symmetry, corresponding to the maximum magnitude of electronic orbital angular momentum supported by the ring, provides for the most favored emission. The phase properties of the emission produced by the relaxation of such excitons are exhibited on plots which reveal the azimuthal phase progression around the ring, consistent with vortex emission. It is proven that emission of this kind produces electromagnetic fields that map with complete fidelity onto the phase structure of a Laguerre-Gaussian optical mode with the corresponding topological charge. The prospect of direct generation paves the way for practicable devices that need no longer rely on the modification of a conventional laser beam by a secondary optical element. Moreover, these principles hold promise for the development of a vortex laser, also based on nanoscale exciton decay, enabling the production of coherent radiation with a tailor-made helical wave front.

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Twisting light with hyperbolic metamaterials

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Localized Monochromatic and Pulsed Waves in Hyperbolic Metamaterials

Localized Monochromatic and Pulsed Waves in Hyperbolic Metamaterials

Quantum issues with structured light

Direct generation of optical vortices

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