Twin screw wet granulation: Loss in weight feeding of a poorly flowing active pharmaceutical ingredient

Continuous Formulation Approaches of Amorphous Solid Dispersions: Significance of Powder Flow Properties and Feeding Performance

“…If characteristics of the materials get clear by using the appropriate analysis techniques, the next outstanding point is to find the correlation between the measured properties and feedability for building up a continuous system of good quality. Since more companies deal with the fabrication of different feeders [91,92], knowledge of material flow properties could be especially handy when choosing the appropriate feeder peculiarities. This is supported by the research of Wang and co-workers who predicted feeder performance based on material flow properties [93].…”

“…Eventually, the authors suggested that predictive models could be developed if a database of feeder performance and powder behavior was prepared. Similarly, the LIW feeding of a poorly flowing API from the aspect of twin-screw granulation process was studied [91]. Different LIW gravimetric feeders were tested during these experiments to achieve 75% API content in the granules.…”

Modeling of Particulate Processes for the Continuous Manufacture of Solid-Based Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

“…Several authors have studied wet granulation in the context of other unit operations. Cartwright et al [53] have addressed the importance of accurate powder feeding for successful granulation performance in a twin screw extruder by comparing two types of loss in weight feeders. The impact of granulation conditions, including throughput, screw speed, screw configuration, angle of kneading elements and barrel temperature, on both granule and tablet properties have been examined by Vercruysse et al [54].…”

Transfer from High‐Shear Batch to Continuous Twin Screw Wet Granulation: A Case Study in Understanding the Relationship Between Process Parameters and Product Quality Attributes

“…Dry granulation processes that lend themselves well to continuous manufacturing have become well established in the pharmaceutical industry and include unit operations such as roller compaction. Continuous wet granulation processes have been evaluated in the past, although this field has received renewed attention with substantial activity focused on the implementation of technologies such as twin screw granulation (TSG) based on adaptations of industrial extruders . As yet, limited progress has been made in the adoption of such technologies for the development and commercial supply of medicinal products, although notable capital investments in equipment and infrastructure have been made in the pharmaceutical development groups of major pharmaceutical companies.…”