Twenty-Year Reflection on the Impact of World Trade Center Exposure on Pulmonary Outcomes in Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) Rescue and Recovery Workers

Cleven, Krystal L.; Rosenzvit, Carla; Nolan, Anna; Zeig‐Owens, Rachel; Kwon, Sophia; Weiden, Michael D.; Skerker, Molly; Halpren, Allison; Prezant, David J.

doi:10.1007/s00408-021-00493-z

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(122 reference statements)

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“…This effect most likely was early on and then trajectories of those with high versus low exposure ran parallel; therefore, a chronic impact of trauma exists. Findings highlight clinically useful information on the mental health problems that responders experience (Cleven et al, 2021;Lowell et al, 2018;Waszczuk et al, 2018;Wisnivesky et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Personality Change Across Four Years in World Trade Center Responders

Khudari¹,

Oltmanns²,

Ruggero³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Domain-level findings of personality change are fairly consistent across middle to older age; however, less agreement exists on personality change at the lower-order facet-level for this age group. The present study investigated personality change at both the domain and facet-level over the course of a four-year longitudinal study in N = 452 older adults who responded to the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center (Mage = 55 years, SD = 0.41). Participants completed the Faceted Inventory of the Five-Factor Model (FI-FFM, Watson et al., 2019) and the Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2, Soto & John, 2017) at four waves across four years. Latent growth modeling showed significant mean level decreases in Openness, Neuroticism, and Extraversion at the domain level. At the facet-level, significant decreases were found for Aesthetic Sensitivity, Creative Imagination, Intellectual Curiosity, Anxiety, Anger Proneness, Positive Temperament, Venturesomeness, Ascendence, Empathy, Trust, and Achievement Striving. Regressions from exposure level, age, and sex on personality change were examined and significant effects were also observed. Results highlight the importance of facet-level analysis, as significant change was found only for certain facets within domains—sometimes when the domains showed no change. WTC responders have a shared unique trauma and personality change findings may allow for clinically useful information on the mental health problems that responders experience.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Personality Change Across Four Years in World Trade Center Responders

Khudari¹,

Oltmanns²,

Ruggero³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…We included biomarkers of inflammation and repair with an approach that has been used to study outcomes in other lung and cardiovascular conditions [16][17][18][19]. Studies in WTC Responders have demonstrated the importance of blood-derived inflammatory and metabolic molecular markers for predicting disease onset and progression [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. We used biomarkers of remodeling, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), because of their role in irritant-induced asthma [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Clustering Analysis of Blood Biomarkers in World Trade Center Exposed Community Members with Persistent Lower Respiratory Symptoms

Grünig

Durmuş

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The destruction of the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001 (9/11) released large amounts of toxic dusts and fumes into the air that exposed many community members who lived and/or worked in the local area. Many community members, defined as WTC survivors by the federal government, developed lower respiratory symptoms (LRS). We previously reported the persistence of these symptoms in patients with normal spirometry despite treatment with inhaled corticosteroids and/or long-acting bronchodilators. This report expands upon our study of this group with the goal to identify molecular markers associated with exposure and heterogeneity in WTC survivors with LRS using a selected plasma biomarker approach. Samples from WTC survivors with LRS (n = 73, WTCS) and samples from healthy control participants of the NYU Bellevue Asthma Registry (NYUBAR, n = 55) were compared. WTCS provided information regarding WTC dust exposure intensity. Hierarchical clustering of the linear biomarker data identified two clusters within WTCS and two clusters within NYUBAR controls. Comparison of the WTCS clusters showed that one cluster had significantly increased levels of circulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMP1, 2, 3, 8, 12, 13), soluble inflammatory receptors (receptor for advanced glycation end-products-RAGE, Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), suppression of tumorigenicity (ST)2, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)1, IL-6Ra, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)RI, TNFRII), and chemokines (IL-8, CC chemokine ligand- CCL17). Furthermore, this WTCS cluster was associated with WTC exposure variables, ash at work, and the participant category workers; but not with the exposure variable WTC dust cloud at 9/11. A comparison of WTC exposure categorial variables identified that chemokines (CCL17, CCL11), circulating receptors (RAGE, TREM1), MMPs (MMP3, MMP12), and vascular markers (Angiogenin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-VCAM1) significantly increased in the more exposed groups. Circulating biomarkers of remodeling and inflammation identified clusters within WTCS and were associated with WTC exposure.

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“…A review published 5 years after the event ( Gavett, 2006 ) showed that short-term exposure to high concentrations of WTC dust increased respiratory effects such as persistent cough, bronchial hyperreactivity to aerosolized methacholine, newly developed asthma, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. In the intervening years, there has been increasing documentation of an array of adverse health effects resulting from WTC dust exposures, including inflammation of the lung and lymph nodes (sarcoidosis) ( Webber et al, 2017 ), pulmonary fibrosis ( Li et al, 2019 ), reduced lung function and increased airway hyperreactivity ( Cleven et al, 2021 ), and long-term cardiovascular disease associated with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes ( Cohen et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutagenicity of the organic fraction of World Trade Center dust

DeMarini

Warren

Brooks

2022

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Most studies of the health effects and chemical characterization of the dust resulting from the catastrophic collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001, have focused on the large inorganic fraction of the dust; however, chemical analyses have identified mutagens and carcinogens in the smaller organic fraction. Here, we determined the mutagenicity of the organic fraction of WTC dust in Salmonella. Only 0.74% of the mass of the particulate matter (PM) <53 μm in diameter was extractable organic matter (EOM). Because the EOM was 10 times more mutagenic in TA100 +S9 than in TA98 +S9 and was negative in TA98 −S9, we inferred, respectively, that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) played a role in the mutagenicity and not nitroarenes. In TA98 +S9, the mutagenic potency of the EOM (0.1 revertant/μg EOM) was within the range of EOMs from air and combustion emissions. However, the EOM‐based mutagenic potency of the particles (0.0007 revertants/μg PM) was 1–2 orders of magnitude lower than values from a review of 50 combustion emissions and various air samples. We calculated that 37 PAHs analyzed previously in WTC EOM were 5.4% of the EOM mass and 0.04% of the PM mass; some air contained 0.3 μg WTC EOM/m3 (0.02 μg PAHs/m3). Populations exposed to WTC dust have elevated levels of prostate and thyroid cancer but not lung cancer. Our data support earlier estimates that PAH‐associated cancer risk among this population, for example, PAH‐associated lung cancer, was unlikely to be significantly elevated relative to background PAH exposures.

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Twenty-Year Reflection on the Impact of World Trade Center Exposure on Pulmonary Outcomes in Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) Rescue and Recovery Workers

Cited by 17 publications

References 87 publications

Personality Change Across Four Years in World Trade Center Responders

Personality Change Across Four Years in World Trade Center Responders

Molecular Clustering Analysis of Blood Biomarkers in World Trade Center Exposed Community Members with Persistent Lower Respiratory Symptoms

Mutagenicity of the organic fraction of World Trade Center dust

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