Twenty-four—hour ambulatory electrocardiography in elderly subjects: Prevalence of various arrhythmias and prognostic implications (report from the Bronx Longitudinal Aging Study)

Frishman, William H.; Heiman, Mark; Karpenos, Alexander; Ooi, Wee Lock; Mitzner, Anne; Goldkorn, Ronen; Greenberg, S D

doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(96)90425-1

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This reinforces the ®ndings from the larger parallel study from Cambridge city (O'Connor et al, 1991). Vascular factors are of increasing interest to dementia researchers as their role in the aetiology of dementia and cognitive decline is recognized (Prince et al, 1994;Ferucci et al, 1996;Bornstein et al, 1996;Friedl et al, 1996;Frishman et al, 1996;Moraney et al, 1996;Guo et al, 1996;Kokmen et al, 1996;Martyn, 1996). This study shows that vascular factors predict dropout, and that individuals who may be declining are therefore lost.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Five-year incidence and prediction of dementia and cognitive decline in a population sample of women aged 70-79 at baseline

Brayne¹,

Best

Muir

et al. 1997

Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry

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Objective. To determine the incidence of dementia and cognitive decline and their predictors in a population sample. Settings. A rural geographically defined population served by a single health centre. Sample. 75% of the 70–74‐year‐old, 100% of the 75–79‐year‐old women registered with the practice. Method. Interview the total sample using an augmented version of CAMDEX, including informant interview, and reaction times at baseline and 5 years later. IQ was estimated at baseline only. Results: 365 women were interviewed at baseline, 237 at follow‐up. Incidence of dementia of all severities was 3.1% per annum (95% CI, 2.2–4.3). CAMCOG declined by 12.6 points in those who became demented, MMSE by 3 points. Observed, self‐reported and informant‐reported cognitive difficulty at baseline all predicted later incidence of dementia. The additional use of estimated IQ and reaction times did not increase the efficiency of either cross‐sectional detection of dementia or prediction of dementia at 5 years. Conclusions. The incidence of dementia was in the range reported by other studies; slight cognitive decline was noted in the total population, increasing with age and marked in incident dementia. Of clinical importance was the finding that both the individuals and the informants of those who subsequently demented were aware of decline 5 years earlier. Simple and relatively easily administered cognitive tests were found to be the most efficient method of detection of dementia. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Five-year incidence and prediction of dementia and cognitive decline in a population sample of women aged 70-79 at baseline

Brayne¹,

Best

Muir

et al. 1997

Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry

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“…1 Frequent or complex ventricular arrhythmias have been reported in a sizeable proportion, approximately one third, of healthy elderly individuals. [7][8][9][10] However, with the exception of AF, the associations between incidence of stroke and cardiac arrhythmias have received little scientific attention.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cardiac Arrhythmias and Stroke

Engström

Hedblad

Juul‐Möller

et al. 2000

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-With the exception of atrial fibrillation (AF), little scientific attention has been given the associations between cardiac arrhythmias and incidence of stroke. We sought to study whether atrial and ventricular arrhythmias assessed during a 24-hour ambulatory ECG registration are associated with incidence of stroke. Methods-The population-based cohort "Men Born in 1914" was examined with 24-hour ambulatory ECG registrations at 68 years of age. Four hundred two men without previous myocardial infarction or stroke were included, and 236 of them had hypertension (Ն160/95 mm Hg or treatment). Fourteen-year rates of stroke (fatal and nonfatal) and all-cause mortality were updated from national and regional registers. Frequent or complex ventricular arrhythmias was defined as Lown class 2 to 5. A high frequency of atrial ectopic beats (AEB) was defined as the fifth quintile (ie, Ն218 AEB per 24 hours). Results-Fifty-eight men suffered a first stroke during the follow-up. Stroke rates (per 1000 person-years) among men with AF (nϭ14), with frequent AEB (nϭ77), and without AF or frequent AEB (nϭ311) were 34.5, 19.5, and 11.6, respectively. The corresponding values among men with hypertension were 40.7, 32.3, and 14.7, respectively. Frequent AEB (compared with absence of AF and frequent AEB) was significantly associated with stroke among all men (relative riskϭ1.9; 95% CI, 1.02 to 3.4; Pϭ0.04) and among hypertensive men (relative riskϭ2.5; 95% CI, 1.3 to 4.8; Pϭ0.009) after adjustments for potential confounders. The increased stroke rates among men with Lown class 2 to 5 did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions-A high frequency of AEB is associated with an increased incidence of stroke.

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“…Although there are no clear data on the incidence of bradyarrhythmias among ICD candidates, there are studies suggesting a prevalence of ≤4% among community-dwelling elderly patients. 24 Furthermore, a significant proportion of ICD candidates with heart failure, low ejection fraction, and left bundle branch block have CrT (cardiac resynchronization therapy) pacing indications. 25,26 Interestingly, a recent single-center study, including 399 consecutive ICD-implanted patients, found 5.1% upgrade to CrTD (cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator) during 5-year follow-up.…”

Section: Who Are the Candidates For S-icd?mentioning

confidence: 99%