Tutorial: Understanding the transport, deposition, and translocation of particles in human respiratory systems using Computational Fluid-Particle Dynamics and Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic models

Feng, Yu; Zhao, Jianan; Hayati, Hamideh; Sperry, Ted; Yi, Hang

doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2020.105672

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…In this study, the emission and transport of welding aerosols were simulated using ANSYS 2020 R1 software and the computational fluid-particle dynamics (CFPD) model (Feng et al, 2016, 2018, 2021; Feng and Kleinstreuer, 2013; Haghnegahdar et al, 2019; Kuprat et al, 2021). The geometry creation was done using the ANSYS Design Modeler.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The simulation of the emission of iron fumes caused by shielded metal arc welding using a computational fluid dynamics method

2022

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an indispensable simulation tool for predicting the emission of pollutants in the work environment. Welding is one of the most common industrial processes that might expose the operators and surrounding workers to certain hazardous gaseous metal fumes. In the present study, we used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology for simulating the emission of iron fumes from the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) procedure. A galvanized steel chamber was fabricated to measure the pollutant concentration and identify the size of the fume created by the SMAW. Then, the emission of welding aerosol was simulated using a method of computational fluid-particle dynamics with the ANSYS 2020 R1 software. The highest amount of welding fumes concentration was related to iron fumes (i.e., 3045 μg/m3 with a diameter of 0.25 μm). The results of the current study indicated that the local exhaust and general ventilation system can prevent the spreading of welding fumes to the welder’s breathing zone and the surrounding environment. CFD was also found to be an efficient method for predicting the emission of the iron fumes created by SMAW as well as for selecting an appropriate ventilation system. However, further studies that take the modeling of welding-generated emission of additional metal particles and gases into account will need to be undertaken.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The simulation of the emission of iron fumes caused by shielded metal arc welding using a computational fluid dynamics method

2022

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“…Another interesting combination of models for the investigation of the transport and deposition of particles into human airways is CFD-physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) or CFD-physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) (Mumtaz et al 2012 ), respectively. Recently, Feng et al ( 2021 ) presented a detailed tutorial paper regarding the development, implementation and validation of CFD-PBPK and CFD-PBTK models for investigating the human lung aerosol dynamics numerically.…”

Section: Computer Modelling Of Particles and Biological Agents’ Airbo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… The combination of CFD and multi-zone models can be very useful for more realistic prediction of pollutant concentration levels and airflow characteristics, and can provide a compromise between accuracy and computational sources. It is important to mention that the CFD-PKTE or CFD-PTBK models for the transport prediction of particles in human respiratory system exhibit many difficulties and should be further improved by developing the next generation of virtual lung computational framework (Feng et al ( 2021 ). There is also a need for further improvement and validation of the current numerical methods in order to be fully capable of predicting accurately complex phenomena of the biopathogens’ transmission mechanisms, such as evaporation, dispersion, droplet distribution, primary and secondary break-up mechanisms, coalescence, turbulence, inhalation and pulmonary transport.…”

Section: Conclusion—future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to mention that the CFD-PKTE or CFD-PTBK models for the transport prediction of particles in human respiratory system exhibit many difficulties and should be further improved by developing the next generation of virtual lung computational framework (Feng et al ( 2021 ).…”

Section: Conclusion—future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, few numerical studies based on CFD-PBTΚ (Physiologically-Based ToxicoKinetic) models are also mentioned. This class of models is capable of approximating the kinetic behaviour of contaminants and as a result can assess the internal dose at targeted tissues/organs (Argyropoulos et al 2018;Feng et al 2021;Mumtaz et al 2012).…”

Section: Computer Modelling Of Particles and Biological Agents' Airbo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Airborne transmission of biological agents within the indoor built environment: a multidisciplinary review

Argyropoulos

Skoulou

Efthimiou

et al. 2022

Air Qual Atmos Health

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The nature and airborne dispersion of the underestimated biological agents, monitoring, analysis and transmission among the human occupants into building environment is a major challenge of today. Those agents play a crucial role in ensuring comfortable, healthy and risk-free conditions into indoor working and leaving spaces. It is known that ventilation systems influence strongly the transmission of indoor air pollutants, with scarce information although to have been reported for biological agents until 2019. The biological agents’ source release and the trajectory of airborne transmission are both important in terms of optimising the design of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems of the future. In addition, modelling via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) will become a more valuable tool in foreseeing risks and tackle hazards when pollutants and biological agents released into closed spaces. Promising results on the prediction of their dispersion routes and concentration levels, as well as the selection of the appropriate ventilation strategy, provide crucial information on risk minimisation of the airborne transmission among humans. Under this context, the present multidisciplinary review considers four interrelated aspects of the dispersion of biological agents in closed spaces, (a) the nature and airborne transmission route of the examined agents, (b) the biological origin and health effects of the major microbial pathogens on the human respiratory system, (c) the role of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems in the airborne transmission and (d) the associated computer modelling approaches. This adopted methodology allows the discussion of the existing findings, on-going research, identification of the main research gaps and future directions from a multidisciplinary point of view which will be helpful for substantial innovations in the field.

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A Viable Approach to Medical Image Processing for CFD Simulations of the Upper Respiratory Tract

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Mathew

et al. 2022

Applications of Computation in Mechanical Engineering

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Tutorial: Understanding the transport, deposition, and translocation of particles in human respiratory systems using Computational Fluid-Particle Dynamics and Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic models

Cited by 29 publications

References 171 publications

The simulation of the emission of iron fumes caused by shielded metal arc welding using a computational fluid dynamics method

The simulation of the emission of iron fumes caused by shielded metal arc welding using a computational fluid dynamics method

Airborne transmission of biological agents within the indoor built environment: a multidisciplinary review

A Viable Approach to Medical Image Processing for CFD Simulations of the Upper Respiratory Tract

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