Tussock Moth Dermatitis: Evidence for Histamine Involvement

Lee, H.S.; Tan, Guo-Juan; Khoo, Yok Moi; Balasubramaniam, Gowrie; Ooi, Peng Lim; Goh, Kee Tai

doi:10.1515/reveh.1991.9.1.11

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Many different analytical methods have been reported for the measurement of HA and other amines in biological fluids and tissues [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Reported GC-based methods for HA include its derivatization with various derivatization reagents, such as PFPA [ 9 , 10 , 11 ] and pentafluorobenzyl bromide (PFB-Br) [ 4 , 16 ]. PFPA, other perfluorated substances [ 17 ], and PFB-Br [ 18 ] are versatile derivatization reagents in GC-MS. For the measurement of SPD in human serum, we developed a GC-MS method [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These included varying derivatization and extraction yields using different organic solvents, notably toluene. Others found by direct inlet probe MS analysis in the electron ionization (EI) mode that the derivatization of HA with PFPA in acetonitrile (30 min, 60 °C) forms a mono-PFP derivative [ 10 ]. The derivatization of HA with PFPA in ethyl acetate-toluene-acetonitrile mixture (30 min, 50 °C) and its analysis by GC with flame ionization detection (FID) have been reported, but the structure of the derivative has not been reported [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pentafluoropropionic Anhydride Derivatization and GC-MS Analysis of Histamine, Agmatine, Putrescine, and Spermidine: Effects of Solvents and Starting Column Temperature

et al. 2023

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Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is useful for the quantitative determination of the polyamines spermidine (SPD) and putrescine (PUT) and of the biogenic amine agmatine (AGM) in biological samples after derivatization. This GC-MS method involves a two-step extraction with n-butanol and hydrochloric acid, derivatization with pentafluoropropionic anhydride (PFPA) in ethyl acetate, and extraction of the pentafluoropropionic (PFP) derivatives by toluene of SPD, PUT, and AGM. We wanted to extend this GC-MS method for the biogenic amine histamine (HA), but we faced serious problems that did not allow reliable quantitative analysis of HA. In the present work, we addressed this issue and investigated the derivatization of HA and the effects of toluene and ethyl acetate, two commonly used water-insoluble organic solvents in GC-MS, and oven temperature program. Derivatization of unlabelled HA (d0-HA) and deuterium-labelled HA (d4-HA) with PFPA in ethyl acetate (PFPA-EA, 1:4, v/v; 30 min, 65 °C) resulted in the formation of d0-HA-(PFP)2 and d4-HA-(PFP)2 derivatives. d4-HA and 13C4-SPD were used as internal standards for the amines after standardization. Considerable quantitative effects of toluene and ethyl acetate were observed. The starting GC column temperature was also found to influence considerably the GC-MS analysis of HA. Our study shows the simultaneous quantitative analysis of HA as HA-(PFP)2, AGM as AGM-(PFP)3, PUT as PUT-(PFP)2, and SPD as SPD-(PFP)3 derivatives requires the use of ethyl acetate for their extraction and injection into the GC-MS apparatus and a starting GC column temperature of 40 °C instead of 70 °C. The PFP derivatives of HA, AGM, PUT, and SPD were found to be stable in ethyl acetate for several hours at room temperature. Analytically satisfactory linearity, precision, and accuracy were observed for HA, AGM, PUT, and SPD in biologically relevant ranges (0 to 700 pmol). The limits of detection of AGM, PUT, and SPD were about two times lower in ethyl acetate compared to toluene (range, 1–22 fmol). The limits of detection were 1670 fmol for d0-HA and 557 fmol for d4-HA. Despite the improvements achieved in the study for HA, its analysis by GC-MS as a PFP derivative is challenging and less efficient than that of PUT, AGM, and SPD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pentafluoropropionic Anhydride Derivatization and GC-MS Analysis of Histamine, Agmatine, Putrescine, and Spermidine: Effects of Solvents and Starting Column Temperature

et al. 2023

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“…In some species such as the adult Hylesia moths of South America [12], and the larvae of tussock moths in Asia [ 13] and gypsy moths in the USA [14], the irritant substance has been identified as histamine itself, whereas, in the processionary caterpillars, the irritant substance is a solu ble protein of 28 kD that triggers histamine release and has been named thaumetopoein [15], The principal ef fects of such hairs is to cause a local and systemic urticar ial-type reaction to the injected irritant. However, pene trating hairs themselves may induce allergic reactions to their own protein content and also cause localized granu lomatous reactions.…”

Section: Moths Locusts Flies and Beetles As Occupational And Enviromentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergic Reactions to Arthropods

Burgess¹

1993

Indoor Built Environ

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Allergic reactions to arthropods are some of the most important factors involved in the development of asthma and the precipitation of attacks. Although sensitization to arthropods occurs most frequently in atopic individuals, continual exposure induces parallel sensitivities in a high percentage of non-atopics. The allergens involved are numerous, and although there is a degree of cross-reactivity most arthropod groups exhibit specific allergens that may be of somatic or excremental origin. Prevention is largely dependent upon allergen avoidance measures.

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Tussock Moth Dermatitis: Evidence for Histamine Involvement

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Pentafluoropropionic Anhydride Derivatization and GC-MS Analysis of Histamine, Agmatine, Putrescine, and Spermidine: Effects of Solvents and Starting Column Temperature

Pentafluoropropionic Anhydride Derivatization and GC-MS Analysis of Histamine, Agmatine, Putrescine, and Spermidine: Effects of Solvents and Starting Column Temperature

Allergic Reactions to Arthropods

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