Turtle-Associated &lt;i&gt;Salmonella&lt;/i&gt; Infections in Kanagawa, Japan

Kuroki, Toshiro; Ito, Kiminari; Ishihara, Tomoko; Furukawa, Ichiro; Kaneko, Akiko; Suzuki, Yuichi; Seto, Junji; Kamiyama, Tsutomu

doi:10.7883/yoken.jjid.2014.490

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Gastroenteritis due to Salmonella ser. Abony occurred in a Japanese child infected by his turtle ( T. graeca ) bought in a pet shop [ 62 ]. Salmonella ser.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella Infection in Turtles: A Risk for Staff Involved in Wildlife Management?

Casalino

Bellati

Pugliese

et al. 2021

Animals

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Monitoring of infections that may be transmitted to humans by animals in wildlife rescue centres is very important in order to protect the staff engaged in rehabilitation practices. Salmonella may be a natural inhabitant of the intestinal tract of turtles, rarely causing disease. This may represent a potential risk for humans, increasing the sanitary risk for operators in wildlife rescue centres. In this paper, the occurrence of non-typhoidal Salmonella among terrestrial turtles housed in a wildlife rescue centre in Southern Italy was investigated, in order to assess the serovars more frequently carried by turtles and identify those that may represent a risk for operators involved in wildlife management. Sixty-nine adult turtles (Testudo hermanni hermanni, T. h. boettgeri, T. graeca, and T. marginata) were tested. Detection and serotyping of Salmonella strains were performed according to ISO 6579-1 and ISO/TR 6579-3:2013, respectively. The distribution of Salmonella spp. was significantly higher in T. hermanni hermanni than in other species, independent of the age and gender of the animals. Two different Salmonella species, S. enterica and S. bongori, three S. enterica subspecies (enterica, diarizonae, salamae), and five different serovars (Hermannswerder, Abony, Ferruch, Richmond, Vancouver) within the group S. enterica subspecies enterica were identified. Different combinations of Salmonella types were simultaneously found in specimens of T. h. hermanni. Most of detected Salmonella types may represent a potential risk for public health. Adopting correct animal husbandry procedures and informing on potential sanitary risks may be useful for minimising the risk of transmission of Salmonella to workers involved in wildlife management.

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“…Gastroenteritis due to Salmonella ser. Abony occurred in a Japanese child infected by his turtle ( T. graeca ) bought in a pet shop [ 62 ]. Salmonella ser.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella Infection in Turtles: A Risk for Staff Involved in Wildlife Management?

Casalino

Bellati

Pugliese

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…The other serovars commonly isolated from Nigerian chicken laying hen farms are rarely described in literature with the exception of S . Poona, which was identified in multiple Salmonella outbreaks associated with pet turtles [47, 48] and linked to the consumption of contaminated cantaloupe [49]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella serovars and their distribution in Nigerian commercial chicken layer farms

et al. 2017

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Commercial poultry farms (n° 523), located in all the six regions of Nigeria were sampled with a view to generate baseline information about the distribution of Salmonella serovars in this country. Five different matrices (litter, dust, faeces, feed and water) were collected from each visited farm. Salmonella was isolated from at least one of the five matrices in 228 farms, with a farm prevalence of 43.6% (CI95[39.7–48.3%]). Altogether, 370 of 2615 samples collected (14.1%, CI95[12.8; 15.5%]) contained Salmonella. Considering the number of positive farms and the number of positive samples, it was evident that for the majority of the sampled farms, few samples were positive for Salmonella. With regard to the matrices, there was no difference in Salmonella prevalence among the five matrices considered. Of the 370 isolates serotyped, eighty-two different serotypes were identified and Salmonella Kentucky was identified as having the highest isolation rate in all the matrices sampled (16.2%), followed by S. Poona and S. Elisabethville. S. Kentucky was distributed across the country, whereas the other less frequent serovars had a more circumscribed diffusion. This is one of few comprehensive studies on the occurrence and distribution of Salmonella in commercial chicken layer farms from all the six regions of Nigeria. The relatively high prevalence rate documented in this study may be attributed to the generally poor infrastructure and low biosecurity measures in controlling stray animals, rodents and humans. Data collected could be valuable for instituting effective intervention strategies for Salmonella control in Nigeria and also in other developing countries with a similar poultry industry structure, with the final aim of reducing Salmonella spread in animals and ultimately in humans.

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“…According to the Law Enforcement Management Information System (LEMIS) database, turtle farms in Louisiana are responsible for producing more than 50% of the world's small pet turtles (FWS, LEMIS data; USFWS, ). Countries importing turtles from the United States have reported human Salmonella infections linked to turtles (Bertrand et al., ; Braun et al., ; Kuroki et al., ; Lafuente et al., ; Nagano, Oana, Nagano, & Arakawa, ). Specifically, some outbreaks of human illness in other countries have been linked to imports from turtle farms in Louisiana (Chassis et al., ; D'Aoust, Daley, Crozier, & Sewell, ; Tauxe et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flea market finds and global exports: Four multistate outbreaks of human Salmonella infections linked to small turtles, United States—2015

Gambino-Shirley

Stevenson

Concepción-Acevedo

et al. 2018

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Zoonotic transmission of Salmonella infections causes an estimated 11% of salmonellosis annually in the United States. This report describes the epidemiologic, traceback and laboratory investigations conducted in the United States as part of four multistate outbreaks of Salmonella infections linked to small turtles. Salmonella isolates indistinguishable from the outbreak strains were isolated from a total of 143 ill people in the United States, pet turtles, and pond water samples collected from turtle farm A, as well as ill people from Chile and Luxembourg. Almost half (45%) of infections occurred in children aged <5 years, underscoring the importance of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendation to keep pet turtles and other reptiles out of homes and childcare settings with young children. Although only 43% of the ill people who reported turtle exposure provided purchase information, most small turtles were purchased from flea markets or street vendors, which made it difficult to locate the vendor, trace the turtles to a farm of origin, provide education and enforce the United States federal ban on the sale and distribution of small turtles. These outbreaks highlight the importance of improving public awareness and education about the risk of Salmonella from small turtles not only in the United States but also worldwide.

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Turtle-Associated <i>Salmonella</i> Infections in Kanagawa, Japan

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Salmonella Infection in Turtles: A Risk for Staff Involved in Wildlife Management?

Salmonella Infection in Turtles: A Risk for Staff Involved in Wildlife Management?

Salmonella serovars and their distribution in Nigerian commercial chicken layer farms

Flea market finds and global exports: Four multistate outbreaks of human Salmonella infections linked to small turtles, United States—2015

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