Turning anecdotal irradiation-induced anti-cancer immune responses into reproducible in situ cancer vaccines via disulfiram/copper-mediated enhanced immunogenic cell death of breast cancer cells
Xinhui Wang,
Wei Guo,
Lin Jia
et al.
Abstract:Irradiation (IR) induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumors, but it rarely leads to the abscopal effect (AE). However, combining IR with immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown anecdotal success in inducing AEs. In this study, we aimed to enhance the IR-induced immune response and generate reproducible AEs using the anti-alcoholism drug disulfiram (DSF) and copper complex (DSF/Cu) via induction of tumor ICD. We measured ICD in vitro and in vivo. In mouse tumor models, DSF/Cu was injected intratumorally foll… Show more
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