Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root Powder and Mannanoligosaccharides as Alternatives to Antibiotics in Broiler Chicken Diets

Abstract

Two bio-assays were conducted to evaluate turmeric root powder and mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) as alternatives to feed antibiotics for broilers. In one trial, one hundred and eighty 19-days old broilers assigned to 18 groups of 10 were fed on one of six experimental diets with three replicates during four weeks. The diets included a basal feed without additives and with either virginiamycin, MOS, or turmeric at 1, 2 and 3 g/kg, respectively. In the second trial, one hundred and forty four 21-days old broilers arranged in 16 groups of nine were fed on the first four diets with four replicates for a similar period. Virginiamycin, MOS and turmeric (1 g/kg) in the first trial generally improved the weight gain of broilers by 3.4, 6.2 and 5.3%, respectively. In the second trial they increased the weight gain significantly (p<0.05) by 8.8, 8.0 and 15.1%, respectively. Additives improved the feed efficiency up to 15.1% and carcass recovery up to 3.1% (p<0.05). Virginiamycin, MOS and turmeric (1 g/kg) markedly reduced the abdominal fat content from 1.91% BW in the control to 1.44, 0.97 and 1.2% BW, respectively, in the first trial. The corresponding values obtained in the second trial were 1.01, 0.55 and 0.6%, respectively as compared to 1.22% in the control group. All additives showed a remarkable inhibition of duodenal coliform bacteria, yeast and mould in the caecum, and all viable microbes in the ileum. A significant (p<0.05) improvement in energy and protein utilization could be recorded with supplemented diets except for high turmeric diets. Dietary 2 and 3 g/kg addition of turmeric reduced energy and protein utilization as well as fat deposition. Present results reveal that turmeric and MOS are satisfactory alternatives to antibiotics in broiler feeds. Both MOS and turmeric possess an antimicrobial effect in vivo. Turmeric may also depress fat deposition in broilers.

Effects of Dietary Turmeric Powder on Laying Performance and Egg Qualities in Laying Hens

“…Egg mass in all groups fed diets with TP was significantly increased as compared with that in control group (P<0.05). Samarasinghe et al (2003) reported that treatments did not affect, during 4 wk feeding of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% turmeric or curcumin, feed intake, egg production, egg weight and egg mass. In this experiment, TP groups revealed increased laying performance.…”

Comparative Efficiency of Summer Stress Busting Phytochemicals Supplemented in Feed to Improve Production Performance of Broiler

“…The effect of turmeric powder on growth performance in broiler Samarasinghe et al, (2003) revealed that addition of 1g/kg of turmeric root powder in broilerfeed leads reduced energy and protein utilization and fat deposition. Kumar et al, (2005) observed that significant increase in weight gain in broiler chicks fed with turmeric powder (1g/kg of diet) and also reduced mortality rate during summer season.…”

Prebiotics: An Emerging Nutritional Approach for Improving Gut Health of Livestock and Poultry

“…The NFOS improved broiler's gain by about 5-8% and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) by 2-6% (Yang et al, 2009). Increased carcass weight and abdominal fat weight were observed with MOS and inulin supplementation (Samarasinghe et al, 2003;Yusrizal and Chen, 2003).…”

“…and certain butyrate producing bacteria (Prestamo et al, 2003;Huang et al, 2012;Ramnani et al, 2012;Cardona et al, 2013;Fechner et al, 2013;Duenas et al, 2015). At the same time, they suppress the growth of toxogenic E. coli and proteolytic bacteria like Clostridium perfringens, Streptococcus sp., peptococci, bacilli, Staphylococcus sp., bacteriodaeceae, pseudomonad, yeast and mould (Samarasinghe et al, 2003;Cao et al, 2005;Rohin et al, 2014;Asian J. Anim. Vet.…”