Turi̇zm Ve Metalaşma İli̇şki̇si̇ne Kavramsal Bi̇r Yaklaşim

Abstract

By underlining the phenomena of globalization, cultural homogeneity and heterogeneity, this paper focuses on the positive and negative effects of commodification on culture, and tries to bring a comparative perspective on the relationship between tourism and commodification. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between tourism and commodification, and propose a conceptual model to understand the leading patterns that cause commodification. The lack of a clear consensus in the literature makes this study's attempt for conceptual clarification significant. The research claims that both cultural homogeneity and heterogeneity create commodification, and that this cycle helps cultural values to revive, diversify, renew and remain on the one hand, while causing a loss of authenticity, deterioration or degeneration on the other.

Authenticity Paradox: an Examination on Local Gastronomy

“…Additionally, sometimes adding more "authenticlike" features can increase tourist attention and financial income (Kırlar Can et al, 2017). Depending on these, authentic products can become too mainstream or, as opposite, too exaggerated.…”

“…For residents, these are routine and ordinary "localities" which reflects their way of living. And offering these localities for tourist consumption may cause some problems like deterioration accordingly (Kırlar Can et al, 2017).…”

“…One of the main concerns of the destinations that are popular among mass of tourists is protecting authentic features from tourism-related deterioration (Cohen, 1988;Getz, 1995;Archer et al, 2004;Butler, 2017;Kırlar Can et al, 2017). More tourists mean more consumption and, for locals, more income expectation consequently (Teixeira & Ribeiro, 2013).…”

“…And meeting with higher amount of demand with different wants and preferences requires to leave the traditional ways and become more tourist oriented (Kırlar Can et al, 2017). Thus, local producers may change the essence of the products and deteriorate them with their own hands to get a bigger slice of the cake (Wirth & Freestone, 2003;Ekin, 2018).…”

“…Even there are many studies point out the negative effects of tourism on authenticity of gastronomy (e.g., Cohen & Avieli, 2004;Archer et al, 2005;Kırlar Can et al, 2017), there is no study that tries to explain these effects as a holistic process which contains stages of exploration, deterioration, and recovery. It is believed that understanding this process step by step can ease the prevention from authentic deterioration for destinations.…”