Turfgrass Weed Management

McElroy, J. Scott; Bhowmik, Pradip K.

doi:10.2134/agronmonogr56.c22

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Representative photos of different levels of weediness alongside approximate weediness resulting from different treatment methods, see McElroy and Bhowmik (2013), for a detailed discussion of weed management and control methods. Approximations for treatment effectiveness are relative and were used to create a gradient of weediness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sports field users in Minnesota support herbicide use for weed‐free recreation

Barnes,

Watkins

2024

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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Plain Language SummaryWeeds on sports fields pose a continuous challenge, requiring effective management to address impacts on aesthetics, playability, performance, and safety. Weed control involves various approaches, including herbicide application. However, concerns about human and environmental health have led to increased regulation. Unlike prior research on herbicide perceptions in home lawns and parks, this study focuses on sports fields. Participants preferred weed‐free fields and more effective control methods, despite acknowledging potential harms. Findings highlight the importance of aligning maintenance practices with user preferences for weed‐free surfaces and effective control methods in managing turfgrass sports fields.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sports field users in Minnesota support herbicide use for weed‐free recreation

Barnes,

Watkins

2024

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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“…Potential physiological stresses on turfgrasses as a result of high temperature or drought stress will provide conditions conducive to increased weed pressures. McElroy and Bhowmik (2013) summarized weed management in turfgrass and concluded that weed pressures will exist in turfgrass, even under optimal growing conditions, but are more likely when turfgrasses are stressed.…”

Section: Climate Impacts On Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turfgrass and Climate Change

Hatfield

2017

Agronomy Journal

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A gronomy J our n al • Volume 10 9, I s sue 4 • 2 017 C limate impacts on biological systems have the potential to disrupt phenological cycles and physiological responses of plants, animals, insects, and diseases. Changes in temperature, precipitation, humidity, solar radiation, and CO 2 expected to occur over the next 30 to 40 yr will affect biological systems; however, not all to the same degree. One aspect of climate change that is often understated is that future variations will not be uniform in either space or time, and require a more localized view of the impacts than broad, general statements. This will have large implications for how we consider and evaluate the impacts of climate change on turfgrasses. There is a large body of information on climate impacts on agriculture assembled by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and several recently published summaries have further documented the impact of a changing climate on agricultural systems (Walthall et al., 2012;Hatfield et al., 2014;Melillo et al., 2014;Porter et al., 2014); however, these have not concentrated on potential effects on turfgrasses.Changes in plant growth are not simply a direct function of climate, but from the interaction of climate with different soil factors such as soil organic matter, soil fertility, erosion, irrigation, fertilizers, and biotic stresses (insects, diseases, and weeds). The interaction of soils with climate change has the potential to increase the vulnerability of plants to climate change because of the effect of soil degradation on soil water availability and nutrient cycling (Hatfield, 2014).A comprehensive analysis of climate impacts on agricultural and horticultural crops by Hatfield et al. (2011) and on pasture and rangeland by Izaurralde et al. (2011) showed temperature and precipitation as major factors affecting plant growth and production. All plants require temperatures within their range for development and growth, and each species has their own specific temperature range. Cool-season turfgrasses have an optimum temperature range between 15 and 24°C, whereas warm-season turfgrasses have an optimum between 27 and 35°C (DiPaola and Beard, 1992). This temperature range determines where these grasses are grown; however, growth is dependent on seasonal precipitation. The ability of soils to provide adequate soil water and nutrients to crops is the foundation for climate resilience, and the integration of climate and soils will determine survivability and economic viability of turfgrasses. Climate ChangeClimate change encompasses all aspects of change in the mean, range, and extreme of temperature and precipitation. Current changes in climate increases the probability in the ABSTRACTClimate change is occurring and is impacting biological systems through increased temperatures, more variable precipitation, and increased CO 2 in the atmosphere. These effects have been documented for agricultural species, primarily grain crops, pasture and rangeland species. The extension of these relationships ...

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“…Indaziflam is a preemergence herbicide with moderate persistence [half-life ( T 1/2 ) ≥ 150 d] used in turfgrass systems that provides effective long-term control of many weed species in warm-season turfgrass (Guerra et al 2014; Jhala et al 2013; Shaner 2014a). Indaziflam is preferred because of its low use rate of 16 to 55 g ai ha -1 compared to other preemergence herbicides, which tend to be applied at higher rates of 500 to 3,000 g ha -1 (McElroy and Bhowmik 2013; USEPA 2010). It is an ionizable herbicide [acid dissociation constant (p K a ) = 3.5; weak acid] with low water solubility [solubility constant ( K s ) = 2.04 g L –1 ; pH 7, 25 C] and moderate sorption to organic carbon [organic carbon water partition coefficient ( K oc ) = 434 to 1,544 mL g –1 ], which acts by inhibiting cellulose biosynthesis, thereby representing a unique mode of action for selective and broad-spectrum weed control in select crop areas and turf (Jeffries and Gannon 2016; Sebastian et al 2017a; Shaner 2014a; USEPA 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-response of five weed species to indaziflam and oxadiazon

2023

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Indaziflam and oxadiazon are efficacious preemergence (PRE) herbicides used in warm season turfgrass due to their persistence and residual activity. It is beneficial to quantify effective concentrations for PRE control of summer annual weeds and determine whether these concentrations are maintained throughout weed emergence periods. Therefore, greenhouse bioassays were conducted with barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, doveweed, large crabgrass, and purple nutsedge. Treatments included indaziflam at 0, 4, 8, 12, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, and 37 g ai ha−1 or oxadiazon at 0, 420, 841, 1,260, 1,681, 2,102, 2,354, 2,942, 3,363, and 3,783 g ha−1. Although PRE herbicides are not used to control perennial weeds, purple nutsedge was included to investigate the effect of selected herbicides on its growth. Herbicide EC50, EC80, and EC90 for seedling emergence inhibition and shoot and root mass reduction were quantified from log-logistic dose-response curves. Herbicide concentration that remains from a PRE application during the regional species-specific periodicity of emergence was predicted using first-order kinetics equations. Indaziflam and oxadiazon controlled seedling emergence 14 d after treatment (DAT) in the evaluated annual weeds and shoot and root mass in all species 84 DAT. Indaziflam applied in mid-March at 33 g ha−1 may provide up to 90% seedling emergence inhibition in large crabgrass and signalgrass; up to 80% in barnyardgrass; and up to 50% in doveweed. Oxadiazon applied in mid-March at 3,363 g ha−1 may provide up to 80% seedling emergence inhibition in all species. Indaziflam and oxadiazon may control up to 80% shoot mass and up to 50% root mass, respectively, in purple nutsedge and 80 to 90% shoot or root mass in other species. Such information is useful in evaluating adequacy of herbicide management practices for season-long weed control, and it aids turfgrass managers in applying PRE herbicides at optimal timing based on target weed species.

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Turfgrass Weed Management

Cited by 5 publications

References 77 publications

Sports field users in Minnesota support herbicide use for weed‐free recreation

Sports field users in Minnesota support herbicide use for weed‐free recreation

Turfgrass and Climate Change

Dose-response of five weed species to indaziflam and oxadiazon

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