Turbulence parameterizations for dispersion in sub-kilometer horizontally non-homogeneous flows

Tomasi, Elena; Giovannini, Lorenzo; Falocchi, Marco; Antonacci, Gianluca; Jiménez, Pedro A.; Kosović, Branko; Alessandrini, Stefano; Zardi, Dino; Monache, Luca Delle; Ferrero, E.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.05.018

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…The parameters in these schemes are therefore sometimes modified/tuned, or additional parameters are added. This has been done, for example, to represent some orographic effects in a surface layer scheme for improved simulations of surface wind speeds in complex terrain [151], and in an ABL scheme for an improved representation of dispersion processes in an alpine valley [152]. However, few if any large-scale datasets exist with which to evaluate these parameterizations in complex terrain.…”

Section: Conclusion and Thoughts On Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meteorological Applications Benefiting from an Improved Understanding of Atmospheric Exchange Processes over Mountains

et al. 2018

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This paper reviews the benefits of a better understanding of atmospheric exchange processes over mountains. These processes affect weather and climate variables that are important in meteorological applications related to many scientific disciplines and sectors of the economy. We focus this review on examples of meteorological applications in hydrology, ecology, agriculture, urban planning, wind energy, transportation, air pollution, and climate change. These examples demonstrate the benefits of a more accurate knowledge of atmospheric exchange processes over mountains, including a better understanding of snow redistribution, microclimate, land-cover change, frost hazards, urban ventilation, wind gusts, road temperatures, air pollution, and the impacts of climate change. The examples show that continued research on atmospheric exchange processes over mountains is warranted, and that a recognition of the potential benefits can inspire new research directions. An awareness of the links between basic research topics and applications is important to the success and impact of new efforts that aim at better understanding atmospheric exchange processes over mountains. To maximize the benefits of future research for meteorological applications, coordinated international efforts involving scientists studying atmospheric exchange processes, as well as scientists and stakeholders representing many other scientific disciplines and economic sectors are required.

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Section: Conclusion and Thoughts On Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meteorological Applications Benefiting from an Improved Understanding of Atmospheric Exchange Processes over Mountains

et al. 2018

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“…In particular, an improved TKE can be obtained by suitably varying the length scales. The best results for the TKE are found using the TCF set of constants, as also found by Tomasi et al (2019). It is worth noting that this set of constants was derived from data measured in non-homogeneous conditions (Trini Castelli et al 1999).…”

Section: General Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Analysis of the Influence of the Length Scales in a Boundary-Layer Model

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Canonico

2021

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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We consider the Janjic (NCEP Office Note 437:61, 2001) boundary-layer model, which is one of the most widely used in numerical weather prediction models. This boundary-layer model is based on a number of length scales that are, in turn, obtained from a master length multiplied by constants. We analyze the simulation results obtained using different sets of constants with respect to measurements using sonic anemometers, and interpret these results in terms of the turbulence processes in the atmosphere and of the role played by the different length scales. The simulations are run on a virtual machine on the Chameleon cloud for low-wind-speed, unstable, and stable conditions.

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“…From Figure 4a, it can be seen that the whole month of December was characterized by the “cold winter day” class. Further details on the meteorological conditions that occurred in the Bolzano basin during December 2015 are reported in Figure 5, highlighting that the weather was characterized by minimum temperatures below 0°C, as typical during wintertime, due to persistent ground‐based thermal inversions associated with calm wind conditions (Giovannini et al., 2017; Tomasi et al., 2019). In particular, the days simulated (highlighted by the gray‐shaded area) were characterized by clear‐sky conditions, with minimum temperatures around the average of the reference period 1981–2010 (∼−3°C), and maximum temperatures slightly above average values (∼9°C).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Ability of WRF‐BEP + BEM in Reproducing the Wintertime Building Energy Consumption of an Italian Alpine City

et al. 2021

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The prediction of energy demand from buildings represents a key information for optimizing the energy supply, and for planning the use of renewable energy sources, as well as the adoption of strategies to mitigate undesired urbanization effects, such as higher temperatures associated with urban heat islands (Oke et al., 2017). Indeed, in 2018, buildings accounted for 26% of the total final energy use in the EU, and for about 16% of energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. In particular, 64% of the final energy consumption in the residential sector was due to space heating, with renewables accounting for about a quarter (European Commission, 2020). In this regard, several works highlighted that significant reductions in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions can be achieved from the optimization of the energy use (Pérez-Lombard et al., 2008). Accordingly, many modeling techniques have been developed to simulate energy consumption for space heating and cooling, both at the building and at the city scale. However, as reported in Swan and Ugursal ( 2009), these models may differ as to the level of detail required for the input data, for the time required for processing, and for the degree of complexity. Models such as the US Department of Energy's Energy-Plus (https://energyplus.net/) or TRNSYS (www.trnsys.com) operate at the building scale (Pappaccogli et al., 2018) and have been extensively applied to assess the profiles of energy demand of specific building types (e.g., Kazas et al., 2015;Moreci et al., 2016). Indeed, such models can reproduce quasi-real building features, such as homogeneous zones inside the building interiors, complex layered walls, glazing and shading systems, as well as solar and occupant passive heat gains. Nevertheless, they generally consider buildings as stand-alone entities, neglecting the interactions with the surrounding neighboring ones. This may result in significant errors in the simulation of the building energy demand, as shown by Han et al. (2017). For example, Pisello et al. ( 2012) report overestimates of the energy demand for space heating up to +22%, if the thermal interactions between surrounding neighboring buildings are neglected. In fact, energy consumption for both space heating and cooling is strongly influenced by the surrounding envi-Abstract This work aims at assessing the ability of the Weather Research and Forecasting model, coupled with a multilayer urban canopy scheme and a building energy model (BEP + BEM), to simulate the building energy consumption in the city of Bolzano (Italy) during wintertime. Estimates of the actual energy consumption, to be adopted as a benchmark for evaluating model results, are obtained from observed total annual values, combined with load curves derived from real-time measurements in various meteorological conditions and for different building types. The validation of numerical results highlights that the modeling set-up adopted is able to well reproduce the spatial distribution of the energy consumption in the urban area and its dependence ...

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Turbulence parameterizations for dispersion in sub-kilometer horizontally non-homogeneous flows

Cited by 26 publications

References 65 publications

Meteorological Applications Benefiting from an Improved Understanding of Atmospheric Exchange Processes over Mountains

Meteorological Applications Benefiting from an Improved Understanding of Atmospheric Exchange Processes over Mountains

Analysis of the Influence of the Length Scales in a Boundary-Layer Model

Assessing the Ability of WRF‐BEP + BEM in Reproducing the Wintertime Building Energy Consumption of an Italian Alpine City

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