Turbulence Control in Comb-like and Random Jet Array Stirring Systems

Delbos, Sébastien; Chassaing, E.; Grand, P.; Weitbrecht, Volker; Bleninger, Tobias

doi:10.5772/14897

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Based on the results from RDE experiments, first scales are fabricated in a 20 L electroplating cell with paddle agitation [12] and passive shielding to ensure stable forced convection conditions and a homogenous current density distribution. Since the CoP hard magnets were found to be less dependent on the convection conditions and exhibited a higher magnetic field, this material was chosen for the fabrication of the scales.…”

Section: Integrated Fabrication Of Hard Magnetic Cop Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Binary CoP on the other hand can yield a high magnetic strength for a low P content in combination with better process control. The literature shows that even with this simple system, the direction of the magnetization can be tailored accordingly [9,[11][12][13][14]. When a thick Co-based hard magnetic layer is micro-patterned, the shape anisotropy can be the dominant effect depending on the specific geometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Deposition of CoP and CoNiP as Hard Magnetic Scales in a Position Measurement System

Theis

Bill

Knoll³

et al. 2022

Metals

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The fabrication and design of hard magnetic materials for micro-electro-mechanical system applications by electrochemical deposition has to consider not only the intrinsic material properties but also the shape anisotropy of the micro-devices. Within the scope of the present work, an as-plated process for hard magnetic Co-based materials was developed, with the products intended to be used as magnetic scales in a positioning system with a resolution within the nanometer range. First, the process–material correlations are investigated in a laboratory-scale process. The CoP and CoNiP show a maximum coercivity of HC = 28 and 45 kA/m, respectively, as well as maximum remanence polarizations of JR = 0.65 and 0.40 T, respectively. The CoP process is transferred to a specially developed 20 L plating cell with paddle convection capabilities and a passive bezel to deposit 50 µm wide scales with different thicknesses of up to 55 µm in an integrated process. The in-plane magnetization of the scale bars shows higher remanence polarization than for the out-of-plane direction. Magnetic field-assisted electrochemical deposition promotes the vertical magnetization component resulting in a remanence polarization of 205 mT (out-of-plane) for a scale thickness of 25 µm.

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Section: Integrated Fabrication Of Hard Magnetic Cop Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%