Tuning the mechanical properties of UV coatings towards hard and flexible systems

Schwalm, Reinhold; Häußling, Lukas; Reich, W.; Beck, Erich; Enenkel, P.; Menzel, Klaus

doi:10.1016/s0300-9440(97)00060-x

Cited by 108 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Polymer hardness was shown to be strongly dependent on the glass transition temperature. [23] Persoz values, expressed in seconds, are typically ranging from 30 s for soft elastomeric materials up to 400 s for very hard and glassy polymers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23,[79][80][81][82][83][84] Most of them consist of a dispersion or emulsion of acrylate functionalized oligomers that can be photocrosslinked in the solid state after the removal of water. The advantages offered by these environmental friendly systems are partly offset by the required drying step that increase the overall processing time.…”

Section: Uv Curing Of Water-based Urethane/acrylate Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic Study and New Applications of UV Radiation Curing

Decker

2002

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

617

448

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Highly crosslinked polymers can be readily synthesized by photoinitiated polymerization of multifunctional monomers or functionalized polymers. The reaction can be followed in situ by real‐time infrared (RT‐IR) spectroscopy, a technique that records conversion versus time curves in photosensitive resins undergoing ultrafast polymerization upon UV exposure. For acrylate‐based resins, UV‐curing proceeds with long kinetic chains (7700 mol/radical) in spite of the high initiation rate. RT‐IR spectroscopy proved very valuable in assessing the influence of various parameters, such as initiation efficiency, chemical structure of the telechelic oligomer, light intensity, inhibitory effect of oxygen, on polymerization kinetics. Interpenetrating polymer networks can be rapidly synthesized by means of UV irradiation of a mixture of difunctional acrylate and epoxy monomers in the presence of both radical and cationic‐type photoinitiators. The same UV technology can be applied to crosslink solid polymers at ambient temperature, which bear different types of reactive groups (acrylate and vinyl double bonds, epoxy ring). UV radiation curing has been successfully used to produce within seconds weathering resistant protective coatings, high‐resolution relief images, glass laminates and nanocomposites materials.Photoinitiated crosslinking polymerization.magnified imagePhotoinitiated crosslinking polymerization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Uv Curing Of Water-based Urethane/acrylate Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Study and New Applications of UV Radiation Curing

Decker

2002

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

617

448

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“…Most of the recent research work on PU aqueous dispersions is focused on improving properties such as the tensile strength, toughness, and solvent and water resistance. 7,8 This is achieved via grafting, crosslinking, and blending with other polymers. Crosslinking is widely used because of its simplicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of water‐borne crosslinked silylated polyurethane dispersions

Subramani

Lee

Cheong

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A series of water-based polyurethane dispersions were synthesized by the polyaddition of isophorone diisocyanate, poly(oxytetramethylene) glycol, and dimethylol propionic acid as prepolymers, which were end-capped and crosslinked with 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS) to produce silylated polyurethane dispersions (SPUDs). The dispersion was performed before the endcapping reaction to avoid gelation. Pure and tetraethylene pentamine chain-extended polyurethanes were also synthesized. The length of the soft segment and the ratio of NCO to OH were varied. The properties of these prepolymer dispersions were investigated with Fourier transform infrared, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, tensile and surface contact-angle measurements, nanoindentation testing, gel content, water and xylene swellability, and storage stability. An increase in the modulus and hardness and a decrease in the tensile properties of SPUDs were noticed in comparison with a pure polyurethane dispersion. This may have been due to the smaller number of hydrogen bonds and the brittleness of the film by the formation of crosslinked siloxane networks through the hydrolysis-condensation reaction of methoxysilane groups of silylated polyurethane, and it was also confirmed by the reactions of APTMS end capping and crosslinking. The gel content of SPUDs increased with the NCO/OH ratio, and all the prepared samples were amorphous in nature. The thermal stability of SPUDs was higher than that of pure and amine-chain-extended polyurethane dispersions. A decrease in the water and solvent swelling and an increase in the water contact angle confirmed the effective crosslinking of the silanol groups of the silylated polyurethane. Storage-stability results showed that all the prepared dispersions were stable for more than 3 months.

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“…19 According to Schwalm et al 20 and Agarwal, 21 depending on the chemistry, i.e. the choice of oligomers and monomers in the formulation, the coating's exibility, adhesion and hardness can be controlled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inkjet printing and UV-LED curing of photochromic dyes for functional and smart textile applications

Seipel

Periyasamy

et al. 2018

RSC Adv.

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Health concerns as a result of harmful UV-rays drive the development of UV-sensors of different kinds. In this research, a UV-responsive smart textile is produced by inkjet printing and UV-LED curing of a specifically designed photochromic ink on PET fabric. This paper focuses on tuning and characterizing the colour performance of a photochromic dye embedded in a UV-curable ink resin. The influence of industrial fabrication parameters on the crosslinking density of the UV-resin and hence on the colour kinetics is investigated. A lower crosslinking density of the UV-resin increases the kinetic switching speed of the photochromic dye molecules upon isomerization. By introducing an extended kinetic model, which defines rate constants k colouration , k decay and k decolouration , the colour performance of photochromic textiles can be predicted. Fabrication parameters present a flexible and fast alternative to polymer conjugation to control kinetics of photochromic dyes in a resin. In particular, industrial fabrication parameters during printing and curing of the photochromic ink are used to set the colour yield, colouration/decolouration rates and the durability, which are important characteristics towards the development of a UV-sensor for smart textile applications.

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Tuning the mechanical properties of UV coatings towards hard and flexible systems

Cited by 108 publications

References 6 publications

Kinetic Study and New Applications of UV Radiation Curing

Kinetic Study and New Applications of UV Radiation Curing

Synthesis and characterization of water‐borne crosslinked silylated polyurethane dispersions

Inkjet printing and UV-LED curing of photochromic dyes for functional and smart textile applications

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