Tuning the electronic communication of the Ru–O bond in ultrafine Ru nanoparticles to boost the alkaline electrocatalytic hydrogen production activity at large current density

Abstract

Ru nanoparticles coordinated with O supported on a carbon matrix were synthesized. The electron communication between Ru and O accelerated the charge transfer and thus improved the electrocatalytic hydrogen production activity.

Superhydrophilic and Superaerophobic Ru‐Loaded NiCo Bimetallic Hydroxide Achieves Efficient Hydrogen Evolution over All pH Ranges

“…The Ru 3p XPS spectrum in Figure 3a shows that the peaks at 482.17 eV and 459.91 eV are the Ru 0 3p 1/2 and Ru 0 3p 3/2 characteristic peaks (Table S2), respectively, which further prove the presence of Ru NPs [32,33] . The appearance of the Ru−O bond characteristic peaks at 459.91 eV and 486.04 eV further suggests that the partial bonding interaction produced by the Ru particles loaded on NiCo‐BH [34–36] . Deconvoluted C 1s and Ru 3d XPS spectrum are displayed in Figure S4, the C 1s spectrum includes two peaks with binding energy of 284.32 eV and 289.2 eV, corresponding to C−C and C−O [37] .…”

“…[32,33] The appearance of the RuÀ O bond characteristic peaks at 459.91 eV and 486.04 eV further suggests that the partial bonding interaction produced by the Ru particles loaded on NiCo-BH. [34][35][36] Deconvoluted C 1s and Ru 3d XPS spectrum are displayed in Figure S4, the C 1s spectrum includes two peaks with binding energy of 284.32 eV and 289.2 eV, corresponding to CÀ C and CÀ O. [37] The Ru 3d signal peaks are located at 280.92 eV and 276.5 eV, belonging to Ru 0 3d 3/2 and Ru 0 3d 5/2 respectively.…”

C60 and Derivatives Boost Electrocatalysis and Photocatalysis: Electron Buffers to Heterojunctions

“…Similar results have also been observed in studies involving electrocatalysts loaded with C 60 for the HER. [3,4,29,161,162] Li et al [163] conducted the design and synthesis of heterostructures consisting of Ru nanoparticles loaded with C 60 (OH) 24 (referred to as Ru-OC 60 ), using a straightforward synthetic procedure (Figure 14a). The electron-withdrawing characteristic of C60 prompted the transfer of electrons from Ru to C60 at the Ru-O-C 60 interface, resulting in an enhanced interaction between the metal and the carrier.…”

“…The exacerbation of environmental issues, such as the greenhouse effect, has been primarily attributed to the excessive consumption of fossil fuels. [165] Addressing the issue of greenhouse gas emissions through the room-temperature electrochemical reduction of CO 2 into valuable chemicals holds [162] Copyright 2022, Royal Society of Chemistry. g) Schematic for fullerenes loaded MOF composites for electroreduction of CO 2 .…”

C60 Fullerenol to Stabilize and Activate Ru Nanoparticles for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media

“…Ruthenium (Ru), which is ∼4% cost of Pt, has similar adsorbed hydrogen strength (∼65 kcal mol –1 ) to Pt but a low water dissociation energy barrier and good durability. − It is considered an ideal alternative to Pt. Nevertheless, Ru-based catalysts are facing issues related to relatively strong H adsorption and severe aggregation of Ru atoms due to the high surface energy, which not only makes the Tafel step challenging but also causes the loss of active sites. − Recently, integrating Ru nanoparticles (Ru NPs) onto anion-doped carbon supports has promoted the electron transfer from Ru to anion-doped carbons, weakening the H adsorption and thereby improving the HER performance. − However, such catalysts are typically obtained by unmanageable high-temperature calcination of metal–organic frameworks, carbon dots, or anionic precursors/graphene, which resulted in unpredictable surface composition of carbon supports and therefore is detrimental to the analysis of the structure–property relationship. Therefore, developing new carbon supports with customized structures to address the aforementioned issues and thereby optimize the electrocatalytic activity is an urgent and challenging task.…”