Tuning surface hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of hydrocarbon proton exchange membranes (PEMs)

He, Chenfeng; Mighri, Frej; Guiver, Michael D.; Kaliaguine, Serge

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2015.12.023

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…With similar IECs of 2.20 and 2.23 mmol g –1 for SPEEK-HQ-80 and Ph-SPEEK, respectively, Ph-SPEEK exhibits a higher SFE than that of SPEEK-HQ-80. Figure also shows that Ph-m-SPEEKK has a higher SFE than SPEEK-HQ-80 even though the former possesses a lower IEC of 1.77 mmol g –1 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Sulfonated aromatic polymers: SPEEK-HQ, Ph-SPEEK, Ph-m-SPEEKK, and SPAEEN-B were synthesized according to our previous work, ,− and the detailed synthesis and characterization of polymers were reported previously. , Figure S1 shows the structures of the polymers used in the present study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a more recent work, 15 we reported the effect of annealing and acidification on the surface hydrophilicity of various representative classes of hydrocarbon-based PEMs. In all cases, a more hydrophilic membrane surface develops after heat annealing under vacuum at elevated temperatures, resulting from ionic cluster decomposition.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sorption of Water/Methanol on Teflon and Hydrocarbon Proton Exchange Membranes

Mighri

Guiver

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The sorption of water and methanol droplets on Teflon films, as well as on various representative classes of hydrocarbon-based proton exchange membranes (PEMs) was investigated using contact angle measurement (drop shape method) during wetting under ambient open-air conditions. Teflon films exhibited constant hydrophobic surfaces when contacted with water, but a significant sorption of methanol. The PEMs showed slow sorption of water, and a significant sorption of methanol. The differences in sorption of water and methanol on Teflon and PEMs arose from the match/compatibility in the surface free energies as well as polarities between a liquid and a membrane. The significant discrepancies in surface free energies and polarities between water (72.0 mJ m(-2) and 70.1%, respectively) and Teflon film (14.0 mJ m(-2) and 4.9%, respectively) lead to a highly hydrophobic surface and no discernible sorption of water on Teflon films, while the relative similarity or minor discrepancy in surface free energies and polarities between methanol (22.5 mJ m(-2) and 17.0%, respectively) and Teflon film (14.0 mJ m(-2) and 4.9%, respectively) results in a significant sorption of methanol on Teflon. The surface free energies of PEMs were calculated using the harmonic-mean approach, based on contact angle measurements using both water and diiodomethane as probes. The results show that PEMs have initial surface free energies ranging from 44.1 to 54.0 mJ m(-2) along with polarities in the range of 20.8 to 29.1%, for a selection of typical sulfonated polymers. The surface free energies of ionomers were principally contributed to by the nonpolar component, but the presence of polar groups in the polymer increased the polar component, leading to an increase in surface free energy. Of the PEMs investigated, sulfonated poly(aryl ether ether nitrile) has a higher surface energy than those of other ionomers with similar sulfonate contents. The compatibility between water/methanol and PEMs was investigated on the aspect of surface free energies. The present study provides a plausible strategy to prescreen potential PEMs and optimize membrane electrode assembly (MEA) fabrication.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sorption of Water/Methanol on Teflon and Hydrocarbon Proton Exchange Membranes

Mighri

Guiver

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…These involve a wide range measurements at different time-and length-scales and include: 5 Steady-state permeation under a controlled chemical potential gradient as driving force; 131 transient water diffusion determined by dynamic vapor sorption (DVS); 132 self-diffusion using pulsed-field gradient spin-echo nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 133,134 or quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS); 135 and indirect measurements such as time-resolved SAXS/SANS, 89,90 or FTIR-ATR. 135,136 Steady-state water permeation, which measures the molar water flux though the membrane under a specific chemical potential difference of water, is achieved by controlling the water concentration on both sides of the membrane. Steady-state water permeation is a crucial facet of a PEM pertaining to its ability to regain an even distribution of water when subject to a water concentration gradient, such as when in a fuel cell.…”

Section: Figure 5 Water Transport Within a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the evolution of sulfonated polyphenylenes as proton exchange membranes for fuel cells

2021

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“…6a,6b The rigid aromatic structure of the main chain makes SPAEKS possessing higher glass transition temperature, good mechanical strength, and excellent thermodynamic stability. 7 SPAEKS with sulfonated main chain is at the forefront of PEMs but poor hydrophilic hydrophobic phase separation severely affects the improvement of proton conduction performance. In recent years, different strategies, such as grafting, cross-linking, and block copolymerization of SPAEKS, have been applied to give outstanding progress of SPAEKS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise modification of poly(aryl ether ketone sulfone) proton exchange membranes with positively charged bismuth oxide clusters for high proton conduction performance

Yin

Zhang

et al. 2022

SusMat

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In the field of proton exchange membranes (PEMs), it is still a great challenge to explore new Nafion alternatives, maintaining the high proton conductivity and lowering the cost of practical application. In this work, a series of low sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone sulfone) (SPAEKS) membranes hybridized by [Bi 6 O 5 (OH) 3 ] 2 (NO 3 ) 10 ⋅6H 2 O (H 6 Bi 12 O 16 ) have been successfully fabricated. When the doping amount of H 6 Bi 12 O 16 reaches 5 wt%, the DS15-Bi 12 -5 showing the best proton conductive ability and mechanical properties. The proton conductivity can achieve 72.8 mS⋅cm −1 at 80 • C and the tensile strength can reach 43.57 MPa. Confirmed by experimental data and activation energy (E a ) calculations, the existence of Bi cluster makes more hydrogen bonds, providing additional proton hopping sites and offers more proton transport vehicles, leading to a high proton conduction performance. This work proved that polyoxometalates (POMs) can replace the role of sulfonate groups in SPAEKS to a certain extent and work out the defects of high sulfonation, making a remarkable contribution to the practical application of low sulfonated SPAEKS.

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Tuning surface hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of hydrocarbon proton exchange membranes (PEMs)

Cited by 17 publications

References 51 publications

Sorption of Water/Methanol on Teflon and Hydrocarbon Proton Exchange Membranes

Sorption of Water/Methanol on Teflon and Hydrocarbon Proton Exchange Membranes

On the evolution of sulfonated polyphenylenes as proton exchange membranes for fuel cells

Precise modification of poly(aryl ether ketone sulfone) proton exchange membranes with positively charged bismuth oxide clusters for high proton conduction performance

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