Tuning polylactic acid scaffolds for tissue engineering purposes by incorporating graphene oxide‐chitosan nano‐hybrids

Majidi, Hoomaan Joz; Babaei, Amir; Kazemi‐Pasarvi, Sina; Arab‐Bafrani, Zahra; Amiri, Mehrasa

doi:10.1002/pat.5202

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…Coating GO, just on the surface, diminished the risk of toxicity of GO as it has a low concentration in the structure, according to the studies that answered concerns about its potential toxicity and possible residue in vivo. [ 42,45 ] Also, as reported by other studies, [ 46,47 ] PLA–GO scaffolds demonstrate higher hydrophilicity than PLA scaffolds, promoting cell adhesion and viability, and this study agrees with those findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Biological and Mechanical Response of Graphene Oxide Surface‐Treated Polylactic Acid 3D‐Printed Bone Scaffolds: Experimental and Numerical Approaches

Mashhadi Keshtiban,

Taghvaei,

Noroozi

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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Employing 3D printing bone scaffolds with various polymers is growing due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and good mechanical properties. However, their biological properties need modification to have fewer difficulties in clinical experiments. Herein, the fused‐deposition modeling technique is used to design triply‐periodic‐minimal‐surfaces polylactic‐acid scaffolds and evaluate their biological response under static and dynamic cell culture conditions. To enhance the biological response of 3D‐printed bone scaffolds, graphene‐oxide (GO) is coated on the surface of the scaffolds. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and energy‐dispersion X‐ray analysis are conducted to check the GO presence and its effects. Also, computational fluid dynamics analysis is implemented to investigate the shear stress on the scaffold, which is a critical parameter for cell proliferation under dynamic cell culture conditions. Compression tests and contact‐angle measurements are performed to assess the GO effect on mechanical properties and wettability, respectively. Also, it was shown that surface‐treated scaffolds have lower mechanical properties and higher wettability than uncoated scaffolds. A perfusion bioreactor is used to study cell culture. Also, field‐emission‐scanning‐electron‐microscope and 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5 diphenyl‐tetrazolium‐bromide (MTT) assay analyses are conducted to observe cell viability and cell attachment. An increase of up to 220% in viability was achieved with GO and dynamic cell culture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Biological and Mechanical Response of Graphene Oxide Surface‐Treated Polylactic Acid 3D‐Printed Bone Scaffolds: Experimental and Numerical Approaches

Mashhadi Keshtiban,

Taghvaei,

Noroozi

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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“…In contrast, more ambivalent findings are described in the literature for PLA. For example, Li et al [ 81 ] and Silva et al [ 82 ] observed good biocompatibility, while Lee et al [ 80 ] reported inflammatory responses to PLA scaffolds and Majidi et al [ 83 ] observed a reduction in viability of L929 fibroblast cells by almost 50% after 72 h, although they attributed this to reduced cell attachment and not a toxic effect. In agreement with the results of Majidi et al, we observed a decrease in cell viability for PLA, which can also be attributed to either decreased cell adhesion or a toxic effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct 3D printed biocompatible microfluidics: assessment of human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and cytotoxic drug screening in a dynamic culture system

2022

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Background In vivo-mimicking conditions are critical in in vitro cell analysis to obtain clinically relevant results. The required conditions, comparable to those prevalent in nature, can be provided by microfluidic dynamic cell cultures. Microfluidics can be used to fabricate and test the functionality and biocompatibility of newly developed nanosystems or to apply micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems embedded in a microfluidic system. However, the use of microfluidic systems is often hampered by their accessibility, acquisition cost, or customization, especially for scientists whose primary research focus is not microfluidics. Results Here we present a method for 3D printing that can be applied without special prior knowledge and sophisticated equipment to produce various ready-to-use microfluidic components with a size of 100 µm. Compared to other available methods, 3D printing using fused deposition modeling (FDM) offers several advantages, such as time-reduction and avoidance of sophisticated equipment (e.g., photolithography), as well as excellent biocompatibility and avoidance of toxic, leaching chemicals or post-processing (e.g., stereolithography). We further demonstrate the ease of use of the method for two relevant applications: a cytotoxicity screening system and an osteoblastic differentiation assay. To our knowledge, this is the first time an application including treatment, long-term cell culture and analysis on one chip has been demonstrated in a directly 3D-printed microfluidic chip. Conclusion The direct 3D printing method is tested and validated for various microfluidic components that can be combined on a chip depending on the specific requirements of the experiment. The ease of use and production opens up the potential of microfluidics to a wide range of users, especially in biomedical research. Our demonstration of its use as a cytotoxicity screening system and as an assay for osteoblastic differentiation shows the methods potential in the development of novel biomedical applications. With the presented method, we aim to disseminate microfluidics as a standard method in biomedical research, thus improving the reproducibility and transferability of results to clinical applications. Graphical Abstract

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“…Chitosan functionalization also facilitates the incorporation of the scaffolds in the body and the interaction with the extracellular matrix [ 177 ]. Several experiments have observed that collagen type I secretion supported the cell adherence processes when the patches loaded with the stem cells of the stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes were used to replace the necrotic cardiomyocytes.…”

Section: Role Of the Chitosan Scaffolds In Myocardial Tissue Regenera...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan-Based Scaffolds for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review

2023

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as myocardial infarction (MI), constitute one of the world’s leading causes of annual deaths. This cardiomyopathy generates a tissue scar with poor anatomical properties and cell necrosis that can lead to heart failure. Necrotic tissue repair is required through pharmaceutical or surgical treatments to avoid such loss, which has associated adverse collateral effects. However, to recover the infarcted myocardial tissue, biopolymer-based scaffolds are used as safer alternative treatments with fewer side effects due to their biocompatibility, chemical adaptability and biodegradability. For this reason, a systematic review of the literature from the last five years on the production and application of chitosan scaffolds for the reconstructive engineering of myocardial tissue was carried out. Seventy-five records were included for review using the “preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses” data collection strategy. It was observed that the chitosan scaffolds have a remarkable capacity for restoring the essential functions of the heart through the mimicry of its physiological environment and with a controlled porosity that allows for the exchange of nutrients, the improvement of the electrical conductivity and the stimulation of cell differentiation of the stem cells. In addition, the chitosan scaffolds can significantly improve angiogenesis in the infarcted tissue by stimulating the production of the glycoprotein receptors of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family. Therefore, the possible mechanisms of action of the chitosan scaffolds on cardiomyocytes and stem cells were analyzed. For all the advantages observed, it is considered that the treatment of MI with the chitosan scaffolds is promising, showing multiple advantages within the regenerative therapies of CVD.

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Tuning polylactic acid scaffolds for tissue engineering purposes by incorporating graphene oxide‐chitosan nano‐hybrids

Cited by 19 publications

References 67 publications

Biological and Mechanical Response of Graphene Oxide Surface‐Treated Polylactic Acid 3D‐Printed Bone Scaffolds: Experimental and Numerical Approaches

Biological and Mechanical Response of Graphene Oxide Surface‐Treated Polylactic Acid 3D‐Printed Bone Scaffolds: Experimental and Numerical Approaches

Direct 3D printed biocompatible microfluidics: assessment of human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and cytotoxic drug screening in a dynamic culture system

Chitosan-Based Scaffolds for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review

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