Tuning magnetic anisotropies of Fe films on Si(111) substrate via direction variation of heating current

Wu, Qiong; He, Wei; Liu, Hao-Liang; Ye, Jun; Zhang, Xiang-Qun; Yang, Haitao; Chen, Zi-Yu; Cheng, Zhao‐Hua

doi:10.1038/srep01547

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Although the substrate supplier declares that the Si(111) substrate with orientation accuracy is 0.10° (nominal miscut angle β = 0.10°), a local miscut varies from point to point on the Si surface will take place due to cutting imperfection or mass transport under the direct heating. Recently, we adopted a novel method to tune the terrace width of Si(111) substrate by varying the direction of heating current27. Large scale images (850 nm × 850 nm) of the Si (111) substrate were employed to determine the local variation of miscut angles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of magnetic anisotropy constants in Fe ultrathin film on vicinal Si(111) by anisotropic magnetoresistance

et al. 2013

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The epitaxial growth of ultrathin Fe film on Si(111) surface provides an excellent opportunity to investigate the contribution of magnetic anisotropy to magnetic behavior. Here, we present the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effect of Fe single crystal film on vicinal Si(111) substrate with atomically flat ultrathin p(2 × 2) iron silicide as buffer layer. Owing to the tiny misorientation from Fe(111) plane, the symmetry of magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy changes from the six-fold to a superposition of six-fold, four-fold and a weakly uniaxial contribution. Furthermore, the magnitudes of various magnetic anisotropy constants were derived from torque curves on the basis of AMR results. Our work suggests that AMR measurements can be employed to figure out precisely the contributions of various magnetic anisotropy constants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of magnetic anisotropy constants in Fe ultrathin film on vicinal Si(111) by anisotropic magnetoresistance

et al. 2013

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“…The characteristic of magnetic anisotropy is one of the keys to determine the applications of the ferromagnetic thin films for decades. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Due to the interfacial magnetic anisotropy the direction of magnetization changes from in-plane to out-ofplane and induces a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in the ferromagnetic thin film. The PMA has been found in the conventional ferromagnetic metal/ non-magnetic metal (FM/NM) multilayers, such as Co/Pd multilayers, [5] and in the annealed ferromagnetic metal/oxide thin films, such as Pt/Co/AlO x [6] and Ta/CoFeB/MgO [7] thin films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in the MgO/CoFeB/Ta thin films

Zhu

Zhang

2015

2015 IEEE Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG)

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By submonolayer insertion of Au, Pt, or Pd into Ta / CoFeB / MgO / Ta heterostructures we tune the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and the coercive field of the ferromagnetic layer. We demonstrate that this has a major influence on the spin Hall switching current density and its dependence on the external magnetic field. Despite a rather small effective spin Hall angle of θ SH ≈ −0.07, we obtain switching current densities as low as 2 × 10 10 A/m 2 with a 2 ˚ A Au interlayer. We find that the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction parameter D is reduced with Au or Pd interlayers, and the perpendicular anisotropy field is reduced by an order of magnitude with the Pd interlayer. The dependence of the switching current density on the current pulse width is quantitatively explained with a domain wall nucleation and propagation model. Interface engineering is thus found to be a suitable route to tailor the current-induced magnetization switching properties of magnetic heterostructures. The ability of spin-orbit torques, and in particular of the spin Hall effect 1-3 (SHE), to generate spin currents that can be used to manipulate the magnetization of an ultrathin magnetic film has triggered very active research of the spintronics community on this novel field. The spin current generated through the SHE in a heavy metal film creates effective fields in an adjacent magnetic film which can be strong enough to excite magnetization dynamics and even magnetization switching. 4 The pivotal quantity of the SHE is the spin Hall angle θ SH = j s /j describing the ratio of the spin current j s and the orthogonal charge current j. Large values of the spin Hall angle were reported for the systems Ta / CoFeB (θ SH = −0.12), Pt / Co (θ SH = 0.07) and β-W / CoFeB (θ SH = −0.4). 5-9 In recent works the role of the interfaces of the ferro-magnetic film was studied. 10-13 The interfaces are decisive for the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, 10 interlayers between the heavy metal and the ferromagnet can significantly alter the spin transmission and thereby lead to a change of the observed spin Hall angle, 11,12 and ferromagnetic layers decorated with ultrathin C layers were shown to have significantly modified perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and effective spin Hall angle. In the present work we study the influence of submono-layer noble metal films inserted between a Ta film and an ultrathin CoFeB layer with PMA. We demonstrate that the PMA and the coercive fields depend sensitively on the choice of interlayer material and that the switching current density is greatly reduced with respect to the reference system without an interlayer. Most remarkably, we find that despite the spin Hall angle of our Ta film is comparatively small, small switching current densities are observed, which we ascribe to the very low PMA or the small coercive field of the ferromagnetic layer with a noble metal interlayer. Thin films of the type Si substrate / SiO x 50 nm / Ta 6 nm / NM 0.2 nm / CoFeB 0.7 nm / MgO 1.7 nm / Ta 1.5 nm (noble metal NM = Pt, Pd,...

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“…Applications of new types of multi-functional nanoparticles (NPs) based on hybridization require control over the mismatch among different components and a good understanding of the interface-coupling and proximity effects in the constituent parts 3,5,7,8,25 . It is also essential to develop controlled processes for large scale fabrication of well-defined nanoentities with long-term stability in desired media 10,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] .For hybrid nanomaterials with magnetic components, both the magnetic properties and dielectric constants can be tuned by IFMEC effects, leading to enhanced magnetic, electronic, optical and acoustic properties 1,5,23,24 . Recent investigations indicate that active magneto-plasmonic nanomaterials formed by noble metals and magnetic metals can improve the interaction between magnetic field, electric field, electromagnetic waves and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), leading to applications for efficient switching and transmission of electrical, magnetic, optical and acoustic signals based on active plasmonics 1,2,5,23,[36][37][38] .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…interfacial magneto-electric coupling or IFMEC) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] . This innovative approach also offers a route for overcoming undesirable compromises between material properties and performance that accompany size reduction in nanotechnology.…”

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Magneto-Plasmons in Periodic Nanoporous Structures

Song

Yin

Wang

et al. 2014

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We report on ordered nanoporous films exhibiting a unique magneto-plasmon based response, fabricated by nanosphere-assisted physical deposition. This work focuses on multi-layer Ag/CoFeB/Ag films as examples of such structures. Their microstructure dependent magnetic properties, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and magneto-optical Kerr effect were investigated. The observed effects of nanopores and Ag layers on the magnetic properties indicate the synergistic interaction between nanopores and Ag layers leading to an enhancement of the ferromagnetic character of the CoFeB film. LSPR spectra reveal that the introduction of Ag layers enhances the light transmission in the nanoporous CoFeB films (having pore sizes exceeding the wavelength of light) due to an enhanced interaction of light with surface plasmons. Periodic nanoporous Ag/CoFeB/Ag films covered by Ag capped nanospheres show a much larger extinction than uncovered nanoporous Ag/CoFeB/Ag films. The correlation between the magneto-optical Kerr effect and the nanostructures suggests a field-tunable Kerr effect owing to the magneto-electric coupling between the magnetic layer and the Ag layers, which is enhanced by the nanopores. These hybrid nanostructures are expected to offer potential applications in photovoltaic cells and for magneto-optic sensors.H ybridization of nanostructures has emerged as a new way of realizing multi-functionality and/or improved physical and chemical properties arising from the coupling of constituent materials (e.g. interfacial magneto-electric coupling or IFMEC) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] . This innovative approach also offers a route for overcoming undesirable compromises between material properties and performance that accompany size reduction in nanotechnology. Examples include increased activity but reduced stability [5][6][7][14][15][16][17][18] , superparamagnetism versus ferromagnetism 3,19 , increased sensitivity but reduced intensity 11,[20][21][22] , and enhanced magneto-optical effect but increased energy loss 23,24 . Applications of new types of multi-functional nanoparticles (NPs) based on hybridization require control over the mismatch among different components and a good understanding of the interface-coupling and proximity effects in the constituent parts 3,5,7,8,25 . It is also essential to develop controlled processes for large scale fabrication of well-defined nanoentities with long-term stability in desired media 10,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] .For hybrid nanomaterials with magnetic components, both the magnetic properties and dielectric constants can be tuned by IFMEC effects, leading to enhanced magnetic, electronic, optical and acoustic properties 1,5,23,24 . Recent investigations indicate that active magneto-plasmonic nanomaterials formed by noble metals and magnetic metals can improve the interaction between magnetic field, electric field, electromagnetic waves and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), leading to applications for efficient switching and t...

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Tuning magnetic anisotropies of Fe films on Si(111) substrate via direction variation of heating current

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

Determination of magnetic anisotropy constants in Fe ultrathin film on vicinal Si(111) by anisotropic magnetoresistance

Determination of magnetic anisotropy constants in Fe ultrathin film on vicinal Si(111) by anisotropic magnetoresistance

Tuning perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in the MgO/CoFeB/Ta thin films

Magneto-Plasmons in Periodic Nanoporous Structures

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