Tuning in to non-adjacencies: Exposure to learnable patterns supports discovering otherwise difficult structures

Zettersten, Martin; Potter, Christine; Saffran, Jenny R.

doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104283

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Zettersten et al. (2020) demonstrated that adults’ prior experience with a simplified nonadjacent dependency‐learning task boosted later learning of a more complex instantiation of the same structure (see also Lany & Gómez, 2008, for similar findings with infants). In related work, Lai and Poletiek (2011) found that exposure to simple AB dependencies helped subsequent learning of longer, more complex strings containing center‐embeddings.…”

Section: Background Literaturementioning

confidence: 93%

Close Encounters of the Word Kind: Attested Distributional Information Boosts Statistical Learning

2022

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and Evan Kidd is supported by the Australian Research Council (CE140100041). We have no known conflict of interest to disclose. We thank Emma Marsden, Theres Grüter, and four anonymous reviewers, as well as the members of the Language Development Department at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, for their insightful comments on this work. Special thanks go to Andrew Jessop for his helpful guidance in R programming and statistics. Thanks also to Julia Egger for providing the Python script to combine text files, to Greta Kaufeld for recording the stimuli, and to Nico Pani and Caroline De Becker for piloting the study and transcribing parts of the data for the reliability analysis.

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Section: Background Literaturementioning

confidence: 93%

Close Encounters of the Word Kind: Attested Distributional Information Boosts Statistical Learning

2022

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“…Our study illustrates another potential benefit of immature memory: the reduction of perceptual biases that could, in turn, limit the scope of future learning (Lew-Williams & Saffran, 2012;Potter et al, 2017;Thiessen & Saffran, 2007). That is, through experience, learning can become more constrained (Zettersten et al, 2020), and weaker perceptual biases may allow infants and young children to be more receptive to learning from unfamiliar and unexpected events. Infants and young children are able to rapidly incorporate novel experience into perceptual judgments (Maye et al, 2002;Potter & Saffran, 2015), and over development, increases in prior knowledge may impede their ability to perceive less-expected events and to acquire new (and potentially unexpected) information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The influence of memory on visual perception in infants, children, and adults

Jaffe-Dax

Potter

Leung

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Perception is not an independent, in-the-moment event. Instead, perceiving involves integrating prior expectations with current observations. How does this ability develop from infancy through adulthood? We examined how prior visual experience shapes visual perception in infants, children, and adults. Using an identical task across age groups, we exposed participants to pairs of colorful stimuli and measured their ability to discriminate relative saturation levels. Results showed that adult participants were biased by previously-experienced exemplars, but exhibited weakened in-the-moment discrimination between different levels of saturation. In contrast, infants and children showed less influence of memory in their perception, and they actually outperformed adults in discriminating between current levels of saturation. Our findings suggest that as humans develop, their perception relies more on prior experience and less on current observation.

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“…Our study illustrates another potential benefit of immature memory: the reduction of perceptual biases that could, in turn, limit future learning (Lew‐Williams & Saffran, 2012; Potter, Wang, & Saffran, 2017; Thiessen & Saffran, 2007). That is, through experience, learning can become more constrained (Zettersten, Potter, & Saffran, 2020), and weaker perceptual biases may allow infants and children to be more receptive to learning from unexpected events. Infants and young children rapidly incorporate the novel experience into perceptual judgments (Maye et al., 2002; Potter & Saffran, 2015), and over development, increases in prior knowledge may impede their ability to perceive less‐expected events and to acquire new (and potentially unexpected) information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Memory on Visual Perception in Infants, Children, and Adults

Jaffe‐Dax,

Potter,

Leung

et al. 2023

Cognitive Science

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Perception is not an independent, in‐the‐moment event. Instead, perceiving involves integrating prior expectations with current observations. How does this ability develop from infancy through adulthood? We examined how prior visual experience shapes visual perception in infants, children, and adults. Using an identical task across age groups, we exposed participants to pairs of colorful stimuli and implicitly measured their ability to discriminate relative saturation levels. Results showed that adult participants were biased by previously experienced exemplars, and exhibited weakened in‐the‐moment discrimination between different levels of saturation. In contrast, infants and children showed less influence of memory in their perception, and they actually outperformed adults in discriminating between current levels of saturation. Our findings suggest that as humans develop, their perception relies more on prior experience and less on current observation.

show abstract

Tuning in to non-adjacencies: Exposure to learnable patterns supports discovering otherwise difficult structures

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Close Encounters of the Word Kind: Attested Distributional Information Boosts Statistical Learning

Close Encounters of the Word Kind: Attested Distributional Information Boosts Statistical Learning

The influence of memory on visual perception in infants, children, and adults

The Influence of Memory on Visual Perception in Infants, Children, and Adults

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