Tuning Electronic Properties of Metallic Atom in Bondage to a Nanospace

Abstract

The possibility of modulating the electronic configurations of the innermost atoms inside a nanospace, nano sheath with chemical modification was investigated using synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Systems of definite nanostructures were chosen for this study. Systematic variations in energy, intensity, and width of pi and sigma O 1s core level spectra, in absorption characteristics of C 1s-->pi transition, in photoabsorption of pre-edge and resonance regions of the Gd 4d-->4f transition, were observed for Gd@C(82) (an isolated nanospace for Gd), Gd@C(82)(OH)(12) (a modified nanospace for Gd), and Gd@C(82)(OH)(22) (a differently modified nanospace for Gd), and the reference materials Gd-DTPA (a semi-closed space for Gd) and Gd(2)O(3). A sandwich-type electronic interaction along [outer modification group]-[nano sheaths]-[inner metallic atom] was observed in the molecules of modifications. This makes it possible to control electron-donation directions, either from the innermost metallic atom toward the outer nano sheaths or the reverse. The results suggest that one may effectively tune the fine structures of electronic configurations of such a metallic atom being astricted into nanostructures through changing the number or category of outer groups of chemical modifications. This may open a door to realizing the desired designs for electronic and magnetic properties of functionalized nanomaterials.

Gd-metallofullerenol nanomaterial as non-toxic breast cancer stem cell-specific inhibitor

“…Gd@C 82 (OH) 22 and C 60 (OH) 22 nanoparticles synthesized as previously described have been well characterized 19 . As shown in Fig.…”

Inhibition of Tumor Growth by Endohedral Metallofullerenol Nanoparticles Optimized as Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenger

“…[Gd@C 82 (OH) 22 ] n nanoparticles were prepared as described previously (Xing et al, 2004;Tang et al, 2005) The nanoparticle characterizations have been described by our group (Chen et al, 2005). In brief, the average size of [Gd@C 82 (OH) 22 ] n particles in saline solution was 22 nm in diameter, which was measured by high-resolution atomic force microscopy and synchrotron radiation small-angle scattering.…”

Antineoplastic activities of Gd@C82(OH)22 nanoparticles: tumor microenvironment regulation

“…It possesses a virus-like nanostructure, consisting of a magnetic metal core of a gadolinium (Gd) atom and a closed outer nanosheath of carbon atoms, which are further modified by about 22 outermost hydroxyl groups ( Figure 1) [9]. Several studies have found that the composition and numbers of the outer groups are largely responsible for the bioactive properties of fullerenol molecules [5,7,[14][15][16][17][18]. The Gd@C 82 (OH) 22 molecule is smaller than 2 nm, but Gd@C 82 (OH) 22 tends to aggregate in aqueous solutions and forms dispersed Gd@C 82 (OH) 22 nanoparticles with an average diameter of about 100 nm, which is a ubiquitous property identified in metallofullerenol studies [7].…”