Tungsten Carbide as an Addition to High Speed Steel Based Composites

Madej, M.

doi:10.5772/51243

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…The design of the HSS microstructure after the tempering process is of paramount importance to ensure an optimal balance between the tribological and fracture toughness properties. The primary carbides are mostly spherical in shape and are up to a few micrometres in size [ 39 , 40 , 41 ], partially dissolved, spheroidised and eventually may reform. Their complex structure comprises MC (M, typically vanadium), M 6 C (M, typically tungsten) and M 23 C 6 (M, typically chromium) types [ 40 , 42 ].…”

Section: Materials Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mo and Fe can replace W and V in the carbides [ 43 ], with several combinations. A martensitic (or bainitic [ 41 ]) structure may also embed some residual austenite.…”

Section: Materials Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mo and Fe can replace W and V in the carbides [43], with several combinations. A martensitic (or bainitic [41]) structure may also embed some residual austenite. The designed butt joint was realised by means of capacitor discharge welding (Focusweld S.r.l., Orbassano, Italy; Figure 1) in a single shot.…”

Section: Materials Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation Between the Indentation Properties and Microstructure of Dissimilar Capacitor Discharge Welded WC-Co/High-Speed Steel Joints

et al. 2020

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The welding of cemented carbide to tool steel is a challenging task, of scientific and industrial relevance, as it combines the high level of hardness of cemented carbide with the high level of fracture toughness of steel, while reducing the shaping cost and extending the application versatility, as its tribological, toughness, thermal and chemical properties can be optimally harmonised. The already existing joining technologies often impart either insufficient toughness or poor high-temperature strength to a joint to withstand the ever-increasing severe service condition demands. In this paper, a novel capacitor discharge welding (CDW) process is investigated for the case of a butt-joint between a tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) composite rod and an AISI M35 high-speed steel (HSS) rod. The latter was shaped with a conical-ended projection to promote a high current concentration and heat at the welding zone. CDW functions by combining a direct current (DC) electric current pulse and external uniaxial pressure after a preloading step, in which only uniaxial pressure is applied. The relatively high heating and cooling rates promote a thin layer of a characteristic ultrafine microstructure that combines high strength and toughness. Morphological analysis showed that the CDW process: (a) forms a sound and net shaped joint, (b) preserves the sub-micrometric grain structure of the original WC-Co composite base materials, via a transitional layer, (c) refines the microstructure of the original martensite of the HSS base material, and (d) results in an improved corrosion resistance across a 1-mm thick layer near the weld interface on the steel side. A nano-indentation test survey determined: (e) no hardness deterioration on the HSS side of the weld zone, although (f) a slight decrease in hardness was observed across the transitional layer on the composite side. Furthermore, (g) an indication of toughness of the joint was perceived as the size of the crack induced by processing the residual stress after sample preparation was unaltered.

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Section: Materials Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mo and Fe can replace W and V in the carbides [ 43 ], with several combinations. A martensitic (or bainitic [ 41 ]) structure may also embed some residual austenite.…”

Section: Materials Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation Between the Indentation Properties and Microstructure of Dissimilar Capacitor Discharge Welded WC-Co/High-Speed Steel Joints

et al. 2020

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“…Although high speed steel (HSS) is a complex alloy, it is covering more than 30% of the global cutting tool market. In addition, it has the following two features: 3 (i) the alloys refer to the Fe-C-X multicomponent system, where X is one of Cr, W or Mo, V, and Co with more than 0.60 wt% of carbon. (ii) The alloys are characterized and categorized based on their capacity to retain a high level of hardness even at elevated temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the tribological and mechanical properties of M50 steel using solid lubricants – A detailed review

Essa

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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Recent strides in contact mechanics of M50 steel offer unique opportunities for better and more control of its tribological behavior and mechanical properties under different contact and surrounding conditions. Most researchers have focused on the solid lubricants on M50 steel as the key strategy for improving the tribological properties. In this paper, we have selected a wide range of previous late studies to discuss the different mechanisms leading to an improvement in the tribological properties of M50 steel via solid lubricants. A discussion of M50 steel industrial applications is also reviewed. The main objective is to develop an exhaustive understanding of the tribological behavior of M50 steel with solid lubricant additives under different conditions and also provide some prospects to be considered for future work.

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“…Generally, HSS are divided into the categories following the most important alloying elements such as Mo and W. Presently, there are more than 150 types of HSS denominated by AISI and other national standards. Carbides can be added into a composite based on HSS, in order to improve hardness and wear resistance of HSS tungsten [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HSS Deposition by Pta – Feasibility and Properties

Rohan¹,

Kramár²,

Petr³

2016

Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J.

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High speed steels (HSS) as iron alloys reinforced by carbides of tungsten, chromium, vanadium and/or cobalt are known for more than 100 years. HSS is commonly used for cutting tools fabrication because of their high hardness, ductility, and strength and temperature resistance. Recently many different kinds of thin layers are often deposited on HSS tools in order to increase their lifetime. HSS are produced by conventional metallurgical methods and the tools are hardened by quenching and tempering. Recently, large part of HSS tools are produced by powder metallurgy (i.e. HIPhot isostatic pressing). There are also some studies about thermal spraying of HSS but there is no evidence about Plasma Transfer Arc cladding of HSS. Two powders of HSS 23, resp. HSS30 grade were selected and deposited by Plasma Transfer Arc (PTA) and pulsed PTA on to mild steel substrate. In order to find the ability of thick layer forming, four layers cladding were used. To minimize heat input the influence of 76 Hz pulsation was also studied. Vickers hardness was measured on cross section and metallography of coatings was done. It was found that with selected parameters thick layer of HSS can be deposited. Pulsation increases the hardness of coatings in comparison with layers produced by direct current PTA. PTA and pulsed PTA methods of HSS parts fabrication can be used for both manufacturing and reparation of cutting tools and also for 3D additive manufacturing process.

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Tungsten Carbide as an Addition to High Speed Steel Based Composites

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Correlation Between the Indentation Properties and Microstructure of Dissimilar Capacitor Discharge Welded WC-Co/High-Speed Steel Joints

Correlation Between the Indentation Properties and Microstructure of Dissimilar Capacitor Discharge Welded WC-Co/High-Speed Steel Joints

Enhancing the tribological and mechanical properties of M50 steel using solid lubricants – A detailed review

HSS Deposition by Pta – Feasibility and Properties

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