Tunable Terahertz Metamaterials Based on Anapole Excitation with Graphene for Reconfigurable Sensors

Liu, Xiaoyu; Liu, Zizheng; Hua, Ming; Wang, Luyao; Wang, Kaifeng; Zhang, Weiwei; Ning, Yafei; Shi, Yanpeng; Wang, Xiaodong; Yang, Fuhua

doi:10.1021/acsanm.0c00141

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…For examples, by placing the period symmetric arrangement of the Fano resonator shown in Figure 2C-i as the mirror symmetric arrangement shown in Figure 2D, one can get the toroidal resonance with quality factor larger than the regular Lorentz resonance [63]. By concentrating the electric and magnetic field within the resonator of the new kind of anapole resonator shown in Figure 2E, the sensing resolution can be further enhanced as anticipated [67].…”

Section: Discussion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 93%

“…Based on the performance enhanced sensing designs by using the asymmetric high quality-factor resonance mode, in the past several years, researchers further proposed other kinds of high quality-factor metamaterial units for sensing applications, including the toroidal resonance [55,[59][60][61], anapole resonance [56,[62][63][64][65][66][67], and enhanced magnetic plasmon resonance [68][69][70][71][72][73][74]. For examples, by placing the period symmetric arrangement of the Fano resonator shown in Figure 2C-i as the mirror symmetric arrangement shown in Figure 2D, one can get the toroidal resonance with quality factor larger than the regular Lorentz resonance [63].…”

Section: Discussion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced Electromagnetic Metamaterials for Temperature Sensing Applications

Chen

Zheng

et al. 2021

Front. Phys.

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Metamaterials with novel properties have excited much research attention in the past several decades. Many applications have been proposed and developed for the reported metamaterials in various engineering areas. Specifically, for the resonant-type metamaterials with narrow resonance line width and strong resonance strength, the resonant frequency and strength are highly depended on the changings of meta-atom structure and/or substrate media properties induced by the environment physical or chemistry parameters varying. Therefore, physical or chemistry sensing applications for the resonant-type metamaterial units or arrays are developed in recent years. In this mini review, to help the researchers in those fields to catch up with the newly research advances, we would like to summarize the recently reported high-performance metamaterial-inspired sensing applications, especially the temperature sensing applications, based on different kinds of metamaterials. Importantly, by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of several conventional metamaterial units, the newly proposed high quality-factor metamaterial units are discussed for high-precision sensing applications, in terms of the sensitivity and resolution. This mini review can guide researchers in the area of metamaterial-inspired sensors to find some new design routes for high-precision sensing.

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Section: Discussion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Electromagnetic Metamaterials for Temperature Sensing Applications

Chen

Zheng

et al. 2021

Front. Phys.

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“…The spectral features of EIT in the transmission and reflection are analyzed in detail using a multipole decomposition approach in Cartesian coordinates to identify the individual contributions of the multipole moments toward the total scattering power of the metasurface unit cell. According to the exp(iωt) convention of a harmonic electromagnetic field, the induced displacement current density inside the unit cell structure can be expressed as [52]:…”

Section: Multipolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetically induced transparency based on magnetic toroidal mode of dielectric reverse-symmetric spiral metasurfaces

Fu¹,

Zhou²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

New J. Phys.

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The intriguing properties of the toroidal mode resonance can potentially promote a low-loss light-matter interaction. This study proposes an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance with a high quality factor, which can reach 7798, and low mode volume can reach 0.009 um3, high contrast ratio can reach nearly100%, in the near-infrared region, which is generated by the magnetic toroidal mode in a reverse-symmetric coupling spiral metasurface. A two-oscillator model can only explain the influence of near-field coupling at the EIT point for weak coupling. Moreover, a multipole decomposition method shows that the excitation mechanism of EIT resonances originates from the destructive interference between the subradiant modes (magnetic toroidal dipole-electric quadrupole) and magnetic dipole resonance. Consequently, a new general extinction spectrum interference model is applied to fit all coupling conditions for both weak and strong coupling results that perfectly correspond to the multipole decomposition method. The results of this study could be useful in the analysis and understanding of the electromagnetic coupling characteristics of nanoparticles and provide a design approach for novel metasurfaces for low-loss optical applications.

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“…The former can be due to the strong interference in the far‐field originating from the toroidal dipole and antiphase electric dipole moments, and the latter can be contributed to the induced displacement currents existing in the nanostructure, which attain confined fields to effectively boost the intensity of the electromagnetic field. [ 46–49 ] The destructive interference induced by the anapole mode can induce the EIT effect, a quantum interference effect that exists in three‐level atomic systems, with sharp transparency when the radiated losses are restrained owing to the interaction of toroidal dipole and out‐of‐phase electric dipole modes. However, a large amount of literature regarding the transmission response of anapole mode is limited to the narrow‐band characteristics, hence greatly hindering the practical application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband Polarization‐Insensitive Coherent Rasorber in Terahertz Metamaterial with Enhanced Anapole Response and Coupled Toroidal Dipole Modes

Pan

Zhang

2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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magnetic energy absorption in the microwave, THz, visible light, and infrared bands. [3][4][5][6][7] Furthermore, the MMAs with dynamically tunable absorption peaks and the operating band have been proposed in recent years depending on the tunable absorbing materials, e.g., graphene, [8] crystals, [9] vanadium dioxide, [10] etc. However, the high absorption in the entire operation band also traps the electromagnetic wave, thus immensely preventing the equipment from communicating with other systems. Thereby, the MMA with an additional transmission window also called metamaterial rasorber (MMR) is designed to solve the problem. The MMRs possessing the wide absorption and narrow transmission window combine the stealth technology and communication, then classified into four categories according to the relative position of the absorption and transmission bands: the absorption-transmission (AT), [11,12] the transmission-absorption (TA), [13,14] the absorption-transmission-absorption (ATA), [15,16] and the dual-absorptiontransmission (DAT) MMRs. [17] However, the conventional design strategies for MMR proposed before mainly focus on the microwave band, but rare in the THz band, thus greatly restricting further application in the future. The application of THz radiation ranging from 1 to 10 THz is paving a new era depending on its superior characteristics, oriented toward the post-5G communication possessing the higher and faster data rate, [18][19][20] high-resolution imaging, [21,22] biochemical sensors, [23,24] activecontrol devices, [25] and other optical activities, [26] which are based on the highly coherent and nonionizing properties of THz radiation, wide unassigned frequency region, and distinctive wavelengths. Comparing to conventional design strategies depending on the electric/magnetic resonances for MMR, the electromagnetic characteristics of multipoles in the THz band supply a promising pathway of tailoring the THz MMR combing the higher-data-rate communication and better electromagnetic shielding.Since the concept of toroidal dipole moment was first proposed by Zel'dovich in 1957, [27] effectively enriching the theoretical framework of the multipole expansion, [28] the toroidal electrodynamics had been blossomed and obtained a substantial Enhanced anapole and coupled toroidal dipole moments sustaining the synthesized terahertz (THz) metamaterial innovatively promise for absorptiontransmission-absorption (ATA) metamaterial rasorber (MMR). The anapole mode, due to the strong interaction of electric and magnetic dipole moments, and Fabry-Pérot resonance are supported by the dumbbell-shaped apertures topologically distributed in a double-layer silver plate, thus forming the transmission window with high frequency-selectivity. Meanwhile, the coupled toroidal dipole moments depending on the toroidal structure can cause destructive and constructive interference in far and near fields, respectively, thus causing much electromagnetic energy loss in a wide band. Combining anapole with toroidal dipole moments, the A...

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Tunable Terahertz Metamaterials Based on Anapole Excitation with Graphene for Reconfigurable Sensors

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Advanced Electromagnetic Metamaterials for Temperature Sensing Applications

Advanced Electromagnetic Metamaterials for Temperature Sensing Applications

Electromagnetically induced transparency based on magnetic toroidal mode of dielectric reverse-symmetric spiral metasurfaces

Broadband Polarization‐Insensitive Coherent Rasorber in Terahertz Metamaterial with Enhanced Anapole Response and Coupled Toroidal Dipole Modes

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