Tunable single-mode Fabry-Perot laser diode using a built-in external cavity and its modulation characteristics

Abstract

A tunable single-mode laser is obtained by using a weakly coupled cavity structure involved in a coaxially packaged Fabry-Perot laser diode. The cleaved end facet of the coupling fiber becomes an optical reflector and forms an external cavity with a laser facet. The single-mode oscillation condition is controlled and stabilized by tuning the operating temperature. The tuning range is about 10 nm with the side-mode suppression ratio of more than 27 dB when the temperature changes from 11.5 degrees C to 25 degrees C. Direct modulation characteristics were investigated, and our results show that a shorter external cavity can bear deeper modulation depth.

Optical bistability in side-mode injection locked dual-mode Fabry-Pérot laser diode

“…Some special lasing modes can be selected as feedback beams by the fiber facet in the external cavity, where, if only one feedback mode is achieved, the lasing configuration is the well-known SMFP-LD; however, if two reflected lasing modes are fed back into the laser chip, leading to simultaneous oscillation in the external cavity and chip, it becomes the DMFP-LD presented in this work. The detailed design parameters and physical mechanisms for this laser setup can be found in the previous report, 28 in which the single mode oscillation that can be easily achieved by tuning the operation current and temperature is discussed. As such, dual-mode emission can also be attained by precisely adjusting the crucial parameters including current and temperature based on the same laser device, whose operation principle, spectrum characteristic and bistability behavior are presented and discussed in this study.…”

“…In recent years, a very compact laser device consisting of an MMFP-LD that uses a built-in external cavity produced by a fiber facet has been presented and was experimentally shown to achieve single-mode lasing operation with a high side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) by our research group. 28 Single mode output is easily achieved by adjusting the bias current and operating temperature, such that this lasing system is generally known as the single-mode Fabry-Pérot laser diode (SMFP-LD), and it has already been applied to various optical functions, including wavelength conversion, 29 logic gates, 30 flip-flops 31 and switching 32 because of its prominent properties, including self-locking ability, a wide tunable range, the high SMSR, and its compact configuration. However, in a recent experiment, we a Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

Modelling Fabry-Pérot etalons illuminated by focussed beams

“…1(a). FP etalons are used in various applications, for example as multiplexers in telecommunications [2], frequency combs in metrology [3], resonators in lasers [4], tunable filters in spectroscopy [5], and sensors in biomedical imaging [6]. The optical power reflected or transmitted by an FP etalon as a function of wavelength is known as its Interferometer Transfer Function (ITF), illustrative examples of which are shown in Fig.…”

Multi-input injection locking in a single-mode Fabry-Pérot laser for all-optical gates

“…This refers to a synchronizing effect that suppresses the dominant mode present in an SMFP-LD when an external beam is injected into any of its side modes: see Figure 1(ii). 2,3 Our experiments indicate there is some range of power within which the input beam can be injection-locked, but the dominant mode is not suppressed. Consequently, the power range can be used for multi-input injection locking.…”

“…Fabry-Pérot laser diodes (FP-LDs)-whose threshold is just 9mA and cost a few tens of dollars-represent an energy-efficient, cost-effective alloptical alternative to SOAs. In addition, because this scheme uses single-mode (SM) FP-LDs, 2 it requires no probe beam, as do SOAs and multi-mode (MM) FP-LDs: see Figure 1(i). Similarly, in Figure 2(ii), the supporting beams alone cannot suppress the dominant mode ( 1 ) even with two input beams.…”