Tunable sampled-grating DBR lasers with integrated wavelength monitors

Mason, B.; DenBaars, Steven P.; Coldren, L.A.

doi:10.1109/68.701510

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The ratiometric detection scheme employs an edge filter and utilizes the transition region of its transmission response. The employed edge filters could be bulk thin-film filters, 2 biconical fiber filters, 4 fiber gratings, 5 multimode interference couplers, 6 directional couplers, 7 and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of transmission response of edge filters employed in wavelength measurements

2005

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The ratiometric wavelength-measurement system is modeled and an optimal design of transmission response of the employed edge filter is demonstrated in the context of a limited signal-to-noise ratio of the signal source. The corresponding experimental investigation is presented. The impact of the limited signal-to-noise ratio of the signal source on determining the optimal transmission response of edge filters for a wavelength-measurement application is shown theoretically and experimentally.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of transmission response of edge filters employed in wavelength measurements

2005

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“…5 Wavelength monitors are necessary to monitor channel characteristics and system performance. Traditional grating spectrometers, wavemeters, concatenated fiber gratings, 6 y-branch integrated monitors, 7 and dual metal-semiconductor-metal ͑MSM͒ detectors with different finger spacing, 8 have been demonstrated for wavelength monitoring.…”

Section: ͓S0003-6951͑00͒04122-x͔mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength monitor based on two single-quantum-well absorbers sampling a standing wave pattern

Kung¹,

Miller²,

Atanackovic³

et al. 2000

Applied Physics Letters

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“…3 But these approaches fail to satisfy the requirements for small size, passive, and planarly integrable wavelength monitors, respectively. A technique using the interference effect in planar waveguides was proposed 4 and has achieved all the above requirements. However, by restricting to waveguides supporting only two lateral modes, the optimal performance of this approach has not been reached.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Passive wavelength monitor based on multimode interference waveguide

et al. 2003

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A new wavelength monitor based on a multimode interference waveguide is proposed for multiwavelength communication applications. The device characteristics are studied using the beam propagation method. By adjusting the waveguide's geometric length, different wavelength ranges can be addressed. Each device can monitor up to a 50-nm range and has accuracy Ͻ5 Å.Multiwavelength optical communication systems require an effective way for monitoring and controlling wavelength of the light sources. Many existing monitoring techniques are based on arrayed waveguide gratings, 1 in-line photodetectors, 2 and multiple quantum well absorbers. 3 But these approaches fail to satisfy the requirements for small size, passive, and planarly integrable wavelength monitors, respectively. A technique using the interference effect in planar waveguides was proposed 4 and has achieved all the above requirements. However, by restricting to waveguides supporting only two lateral modes, the optimal performance of this approach has not been reached.In this letter, we propose a wavelength monitor based on multimode interference ͑MMI͒ waveguides. By increasing the number of supported lateral modes, the output contrast is improved and the separation between output waveguides can be increased. The latter will improve ease of fabrication and minimize the co-directional coupling effect in the two output waveguides, thus reducing crosstalk. A ratiometric detection scheme is adopted, which allows the input wavelength to be determined independent of power. Moreover, by changing the length of the interference waveguide, the monitoring wavelength range can be adjusted. This device is robust and exhibits all the attractive characteristics of a conventional MMI waveguide, e.g., compactness, polarization insensitivity, 5 and good fabrication tolerances. 6 For easy integration, the MMI wavelength monitor is designed using an InGaAs/InP laser structure, consisting of quantum well layers enclosed with step index cladding and InGaAs contact. The detailed epitaxial layers were given elsewhere. 7 The MMI waveguide is a strip-load waveguide defined by etching the upper cladding. The rib height of 200 nm results in refractive index contrast of approximately 0.007%, and a 12-m-wide waveguide will support 6 lateral modes.The rectangular MMI waveguide, as shown in Fig. 1, has two output waveguides, named ''bar'' and ''cross,'' located symmetrically about the center line. The input waveguide and the bar output waveguide are aligned. The input optical field excites the supported propagation modes, which in turn interfere to form images of the input field along the propagation direction. Self-imaging analysis 5 predicts that the first of such images is a mirror image. If the waveguide is fabricated such that the length of MMI section coincides with the appearance of this mirror image, the input light will be coupled efficiently into the cross waveguide. The first mirror image occurs at a distance of 3L C along the propagation direction, where L C is the coupling lengt...

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Tunable sampled-grating DBR lasers with integrated wavelength monitors

Cited by 30 publications

References 4 publications

Study of transmission response of edge filters employed in wavelength measurements

Study of transmission response of edge filters employed in wavelength measurements

Wavelength monitor based on two single-quantum-well absorbers sampling a standing wave pattern

Passive wavelength monitor based on multimode interference waveguide

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