Tunable performance of indium tin oxide-zinc oxide as Q-switcher

Zalkepali, N.U.H.H.; Awang, Nik Azimatolakma; Ghosh, B.K.; Mohamad, Kamal A Rahim; Alias, A; Mahmud, N.N.H.E.N.; Zamri, A Z M; Muhammad, N A M

doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2023.170852

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The optical deposition technique also demonstrated the same trends, where the pulse repetition rate increased linearly from 34.04 kHz to 78.74 kHz, while the pulse width is reduced from 5.14 μs to 2.38 μs. This shows a typical characteristic of the Q-switched fiber laser [49][50][51]. This is expected since photon density increases at low pump power for a long time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Comparing optical deposition and drop casting for enhanced tunability in Q-switched fiber lasers using a biogenic AgNPs-CS saturable absorber

Zalkepali,

Awang,

Zamri

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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This study presents the successful synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Camellia sinensis (CS) leaf extract as a biogenic saturable absorber (SA) for tunable Q-switched applications. The AgNPs-CS SA was fabricated through optical deposition and drop casting methods into a fiber ferrule. The nonlinear optical properties of AgNPs-CS as SA were investigated, revealing a modulation depth of 24.37% and a saturation intensity of 0.15 MW cm−2. Q-switching based on optical deposition exhibited a pump power of 213.40 mW, a 3-dB bandwidth of 3.20 nm, a pulse repetition rate of 78.74 kHz, and a pulse duration of 2.38 μs. Meanwhile, the drop casting method showed a 3-dB bandwidth of 2.0 nm, a pulse repetition rate of 53.05 kHz, and a pulse duration of 5.53 μs for the Q-switched pulse. Additionally, the tunability of wavelength in Q-switching using AgNPs-CS SA was investigated. The drop casting method achieved a tuning range of 32.00 nm, covering the S-band to C-band, while the optical deposition technique resulted in a tuning range of 54.20 nm, spanning from the C-band to L-band. Notably, this work represents the first utilization of AgNPs synthesized with leaf extract as a biogenic SA in the tunability of Q-switched lasers, employing two distinct fabrication techniques for the SA.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Comparing optical deposition and drop casting for enhanced tunability in Q-switched fiber lasers using a biogenic AgNPs-CS saturable absorber

Zalkepali,

Awang,

Zamri

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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“…The spider silk assembly, which was sandwiched between two fiber connectors, was coupled to the 50% port of a 50:50 output coupler and used for power measurement of spider silk, while the other 50% was used as a reference. The experimental data were fitted on the basis of the following equation [50,51]:…”

Section: Characterization Of Spider Silkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological material spider silk by direct incorporation onto fiber ferrule for wavelength tunable Q-switched application

Muhammad,

Awang,

Basri

et al. 2024

Laser Phys. Lett.

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This study presents a novel structure saturable absorber (SSA) based on spider silk for wavelength tunable Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) operation from S to L bands. The nonlinear optical absorption of spider silk was measured, showing a high modulation depth of 64.92%, a low saturation intensity of 0.03 MW cm−2, and a non-saturable loss of 24%. By adjusting the polarization controller, a wavelength tunable Q-switched EDFL was achieved, with a tuning range of 64 nm from 1522 nm to 1586 nm. The Q-switched pulses had a repetition rate varying from 20.62 kHz to 6.57 kHz and a pulse width ranging from 14.02 μs to 26.30 μs, corresponding to an output power from −11.31 dBm to −9.02 dBm at the maximum pump power of 151.40 mW. The proposed SSA using spider silk offers a low-cost, eco-friendly, and high-performance solution for wide wavelength tunable Q-switched EDFL applications in optical testing, fiber communication, optical fiber sensing, and ultrafast lasers.

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“…Then, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have gained interest as an alternative to SESAMs thanks to their ease of fabrication and wider operating wavelength range. However, the regulation of the optical bandgap in CNTs is rather tough since it strongly depends on the nanotube's chirality [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fe2O3 Nanoparticle-Based Q-Switched Pulse Fiber Laser

Muhammad,

Chyi,

Mohd Asran

et al. 2023

Photonics

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We demonstrate the utilization of iron oxide (Fe2O3) as light-absorbing material in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) for the generation of Q-switched pulses. A sandwich-type saturable absorber (SA) with Fe2O3 nanoparticles between fiber ferrules is proposed. A fiber ferrule tip is tapped onto a cap of index-matching gel, which is then dipped into Fe2O3 nanoparticle powder to allow its deposition through the adhesion effect. By incorporating Fe2O3–SA in an EDFL, self-started and stable Q-switched pulses are attained at a threshold power of 50.1 mW. The pulse repetition rate is tunable from 9.92 kHz to 22.47 kHz, whereas the pulse duration reduces from 38.4 µs to 13.8 µs with the pump power increment. The maximum pulse energy achieved is 36.9 nJ. This work offers a simple integration method of Fe2O3 nanoparticles as potential SAs for the generation of Q-switched pulses.

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Tunable performance of indium tin oxide-zinc oxide as Q-switcher

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Comparing optical deposition and drop casting for enhanced tunability in Q-switched fiber lasers using a biogenic AgNPs-CS saturable absorber

Comparing optical deposition and drop casting for enhanced tunability in Q-switched fiber lasers using a biogenic AgNPs-CS saturable absorber

Biological material spider silk by direct incorporation onto fiber ferrule for wavelength tunable Q-switched application

Fe2O3 Nanoparticle-Based Q-Switched Pulse Fiber Laser

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