“…Furthermore, the use of the Ag-based SA allows for a wider tuning range to be realized, from 1916.5 nm to 1945.3 nm, covering a wide tuning range of 28.8 nm. This is a significant improvement in performance, as most other works in the 2.0 µm region report narrower tuning ranges, with tuning ranges of only 17.2 nm (1871.6 nm-1888.8 nm) [42], and of 5.39 nm (1959.44 nm-1964.83 nm) [41], as shown in table 1.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 78%
“…In this regard, the proposed SA in this work will be suitable for applications in which the frequency of the pulses generated is of greater concern than the output power. It must be noted that the MWCNT-based SAs can perform better than the Ag-based SA, achieving a higher maximum repetition rate and lower minimum pulse width of 68.32 kHz and 1.90 µs [42], although this comes at a price of a substantially low output pulse energy of only 11.8 nJ, almost seven times lower than that of the pulses generated by the Ag-based SA. In all cases, the turning range enabled by the Ag-based SA is the broadest at 28.8 nm, almost double that achievable by the MWCNT-based SAs.…”
A thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) with a tunable Q-switched output is proposed and demonstrated. A silver nanoparticle based saturable absorber is used to generate the Q-switched pulses, while a tunable Mach-Zehnder filter acts as the wavelength-tuning mechanism. The TDFL has an operating wavelength range of 1916.5-1945.3 nm, with output pulses that have a repetition rate of 50.1 kHz and a pulse width of 5.1 µs, as well as a pulse energy of 69.3 nJ at the maximum pump power. The Q-switched pulses obtained are very stable and have a signal-to-noise ratio of 34.18 dB.
“…Furthermore, the use of the Ag-based SA allows for a wider tuning range to be realized, from 1916.5 nm to 1945.3 nm, covering a wide tuning range of 28.8 nm. This is a significant improvement in performance, as most other works in the 2.0 µm region report narrower tuning ranges, with tuning ranges of only 17.2 nm (1871.6 nm-1888.8 nm) [42], and of 5.39 nm (1959.44 nm-1964.83 nm) [41], as shown in table 1.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 78%
“…In this regard, the proposed SA in this work will be suitable for applications in which the frequency of the pulses generated is of greater concern than the output power. It must be noted that the MWCNT-based SAs can perform better than the Ag-based SA, achieving a higher maximum repetition rate and lower minimum pulse width of 68.32 kHz and 1.90 µs [42], although this comes at a price of a substantially low output pulse energy of only 11.8 nJ, almost seven times lower than that of the pulses generated by the Ag-based SA. In all cases, the turning range enabled by the Ag-based SA is the broadest at 28.8 nm, almost double that achievable by the MWCNT-based SAs.…”
A thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) with a tunable Q-switched output is proposed and demonstrated. A silver nanoparticle based saturable absorber is used to generate the Q-switched pulses, while a tunable Mach-Zehnder filter acts as the wavelength-tuning mechanism. The TDFL has an operating wavelength range of 1916.5-1945.3 nm, with output pulses that have a repetition rate of 50.1 kHz and a pulse width of 5.1 µs, as well as a pulse energy of 69.3 nJ at the maximum pump power. The Q-switched pulses obtained are very stable and have a signal-to-noise ratio of 34.18 dB.
“…A laser with a narrower linewidth is beneficial for increasing the transmission capacity in the wavelength division multiplex system [1,2], and elevating laser brightness in the spectral coherence system [3,4]. Thulium-doped fiber lasers (TDFLs) have received extensive attention in recent years because of their unique advantages of Tm 3+ and laser output in the 2 μm band [5][6][7]. The laser in the 2 μm band is near the lowloss atmospheric light transmission window (2 μm-2.4 μm), which is quite valuable for atmospheric transmission and free space optical communication.…”
Linewidth measurement based on phase noise analysis using a 3 × 3 coupler has been applied in the 1550 nm band. One of the obvious advantages of this method compared with the common delayed self-heterodyne method is the low loss caused by the short delay line used. Taking full advantage of this particular characteristic, the linewidth of the single frequency (SF) fiber laser in the 2 μm band can also be measured. However, a specifically experimental demonstration of this method in the 2 μm band is absent to date. In this paper, a high-performance SF thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) was proposed and employed for the demonstration. The TDFL operates at the center wavelength of 1942.03 nm with high stability. By means of the phase noise analysis-based linewidth measurement system with a fiber delay line of only 50 m, the linewidth of the proposed TDFL is successfully measured. When the measuring time is 0.001 s, the linewidth is ~47 kHz. Furthermore, the noise characteristics of the SF laser were simultaneously studied by this method.
“…Active and passive Q-switching are two methods for achieving Q-switching [7], [8]. The active Q-switching method needs an extra device, namely, an electro-optic or acousto-optic device [1], [9], [10], whereas, the passive Q-switching method does not require those two devices. However, it does necessitate saturable absorbers (SA) that are cost-effective to manufacture and compact in size [11].…”
A passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) was experimented on by employing graphene, single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) saturable absorbers (SA). The SA film was obtained by embedding the graphene, SWCNT and MWCNT into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The graphene SA was prepared by dipping a PVA thin film into the graphene solution while carbon nanotubes SAs were prepared using the casting method and placed in the ring cavity to produce a stable pulse laser. Graphene, SWCNT and MWCNT SAs were operating at wavelengths of 1558.92 nm, 1557.98 nm and 1558.51 nm, respectively, whereas the continuous wave was 1560.72 nm at the input pump power of 56 mW. The pulse energy, output power, repetition rate and pulse width were compared in graphene, SWCNT and MWCNT SAs. The shortest pulse width retrieved in graphene, SWCNT and MWCNT were 3.90 µs, 3.62 µs 4.43 µs and produced at the repetition rate of 115.00 kHz, 130.70 kHz, and 89.13 kHz, respectively. In comparison to graphene and SWCNT SAs, MWCNT SAs exhibit the best performance in terms of output power of 2.19 mW and high pulse energy of 24.57 nJ in passively Q-switched EDFL.
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