Tunable lenses: dynamic characterization and fine-tuned control for high-speed applications

Dorronsoro, Carlos; Barcala, Xoana; Gambra, Enrique; Akondi, Vyas; Sawides, Lucie; Marrakchi, Yassine; Rodríguez-López, Víctor; Benedi-Garcia, Clara; Viñas, María; Lage, Eduardo; Marcos, Susana

doi:10.1364/oe.27.002085

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…5) of the tunable lens to stay within 2% of the steady-state value (1 D), was found to be 9.56 ms from focimeter measurements. The focus measurements and the unit impulse response estimation were found to be highly repeatable [19].…”

Section: Estimating the Unit Impulse Response Functionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Focimeter-measured unit step response functions corresponding to 17 square input waves of different magnitude (0.75 D to 4.75 D in steps of 0.25 D, starting at 0 D for each measurement) were found to have little dependence on the magnitude of the input square waves (see Fig. 5), as evident from the low standard deviation [19]. Therefore, it was reasonable to assume a linear relationship between the magnitude of the square wave and the corresponding step response.…”

Section: Estimating the Unit Impulse Response Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A fast focimeter [19] allows the measurement of the step response function, s(t), corresponding to an input square wave and X(t) corresponding to any input signal, u(t). The unit impulse response function, h(t) can be evaluated from Eq.…”

Section: Compensation Of the Tunable Lens Transient Response Charactementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tunable lens has a clear aperture of 10 mm. In the fast focimeter [19], a prism is used to laterally shift the image of a slit, optically conjugated to the optotunable lens. A high speed camera (IL5SHSC; Fastec Imaging, USAIL5, 3846 fps) records the displacement of the slit as a function of the tunable lens input optical power.…”

Section: Focus Tunable Lens and Fast-focimetry Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, if this theoretical SimVis temporal profile is fed as input to the SimVis instrument, the electronic overshoot and the finite settling time (also called dynamic properties) of the tunable lens are expected to significantly affect the performance due to the short duration of the SimVis cycle. These transient characteristics of the tunable lens are measured using an in-house developed fast focimeter instrument [19] in terms of the step response function for a square input wave. The results of these experiments are used here to evaluate the final SimVis input signal that resulted in an optimal TF optical quality.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental validations of a tunable-lens-based visual demonstrator of multifocal corrections

Akondi

Sawides²,

Marrakchi³

et al. 2018

Biomed. Opt. Express

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The Simultaneous Vision simulator (SimVis) is a visual demonstrator of multifocal lens designs for prospective intraocular lens replacement surgery patients and contact lens wearers. This programmable device employs a fast tunable lens and works on the principle of temporal multiplexing. The SimVis input signal is tailored to mimic the optical quality of the multifocal lens using the theoretical SimVis temporal profile, which is evaluated from the through-focus Visual Strehl ratio metric of the multifocal lens. In this paper, for the first time, focimeter-verified on-bench validations of multifocal simulations using SimVis are presented. Two steps are identified as being critical to accurate SimVis simulations. Firstly, a new iterative approach is presented that improves the accuracy of the theoretical SimVis temporal profile for three different multifocal intraocular lens designs -diffractive trifocal, refractive segmented bifocal, and refractive extended depth of focus, while retaining a low sampling. Secondly, a fast focimeter is used to measure the step response of the tunable lens, and the input signal is corrected to include the effects of the transient behavior of the tunable lens. It was found that the root-mean-square of the difference between the estimated through-focus Visual Strehl ratio of the multifocal lens and SimVis is not greater than 0.02 for all the tested multifocal designs.

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Section: Estimating the Unit Impulse Response Functionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Estimating the Unit Impulse Response Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Compensation Of the Tunable Lens Transient Response Charactementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Focus Tunable Lens and Fast-focimetry Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental validations of a tunable-lens-based visual demonstrator of multifocal corrections

Akondi

Sawides²,

Marrakchi³

et al. 2018

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Multifocal contact lens vision simulated with a clinical binocular simulator

Barcala¹,

Viñas²,

Ruiz³

et al. 2022

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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Multifocal acceptance score to evaluate vision: MAS-2EV

Barcala¹,

Viñas

Romero

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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We present a new metric (Multifocal Acceptance Score, MAS-2EV) to evaluate vision with presbyopic corrections. The MAS-2EV is based on a set of images representing natural visual scenes at day and night conditions projected in far and near displays, and a near stereo target. Subjects view and score the images through different binocular corrections (monofocal corrections at far; bifocal corrections; monovision and modified monovision) administered with soft contact lenses (in cyclopleged young subjects) or with a binocular simultaneous vision simulator (in presbyopic and cyclopleged young subjects). MAS-2EV scores are visually represented in the form of polygons, and quantified using different metrics: overall visual quality, visual degradation at far, visual benefit at near, near stereo benefit, visual imbalance near-far, overall visual imbalance and a combined overall performance metric. We have found that the MAS-2EV has sufficient repeatability and sensitivity to allow differentiation across corrections with only two repetitions, and the duration of the psychophysical task (3 min for subject/condition/correction) makes it useable in the clinic. We found that in most subjects binocular bifocal corrections produce the lowest visual imbalance, and the highest near stereo benefit. 46.67% of the subjects ranked binocular bifocal corrections first, and 46.67% of the subjects ranked monovision first. MAS-2EV, particularly in combination with visual simulators, can be applied to select prospective presbyopic corrections in patients prior to contact lens fitting or intraocular lens implantation.

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Tunable lenses: dynamic characterization and fine-tuned control for high-speed applications

Cited by 29 publications

References 36 publications

Experimental validations of a tunable-lens-based visual demonstrator of multifocal corrections

Experimental validations of a tunable-lens-based visual demonstrator of multifocal corrections

Multifocal contact lens vision simulated with a clinical binocular simulator

Multifocal acceptance score to evaluate vision: MAS-2EV

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