Tunable antennas for mobile devices: Achieving high performance in compelling form factors

Morris, Arthur S.; Barrio, Samantha Caporal Del; Shin, Joungsub; Steel, Victor; Pedersen, Gert Frølund

doi:10.1109/mwsym.2014.6848618

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…With this position, we are able to achieve 800 MHz of resonance frequency with C min , and 0.652 pF is used to lower the operating frequency to 770 MHz Figure 5 shows the measured gain of ACT antenna for the tuning states of DVC same as in Figure 4. The range of the measured average gain for the ACT antenna is approximately from 21.27 to 22.35 dBi, which is not only in competitive antenna gain with 260 MHz of tuning ranges as well as in size of the antenna compared with those presented in [12][13][14]. It is noted that the antenna gain is tend to be reduced as the resonance frequencies of the ACT antenna become lower especially at 700 MHz range.…”

Section: Antenna Structurementioning

confidence: 80%

A new frequency‐reconfigurable antenna using coupling patterns for mobile handsets

Lee

Cho

2015

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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This letter focuses on the design of a new frequencyreconfigurable antenna for a mobile handset application. The proposed antenna supports the most important long-term evolution bands: band 17 (704-746 MHz), band 13 (746-787 MHz), band 5 (824-894 MHz), and band 8 (880-960 MHz). A digital variable capacitor (DVC) is used via a coupling pattern proximity to the aperture of an inverted F antenna (IFA) to which a single-pole single throw RF switch is connected to take advantages of the two different kinds of tuning elements. We show that the proposed antenna is able to have a quasicontinuous and wide range of frequency tuning capabilities over 700-960 MHz through simulations and experiments. We also show that the coupled aperture used for connection of the DVC to the aperture of IFA is helpful for reducing the ohmic losses in the DVC from the antenna efficiency degradation which is the most important figure of merit for frequency reconfigurable antennas based on the active tuning elements.

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Section: Antenna Structurementioning

confidence: 80%

A new frequency‐reconfigurable antenna using coupling patterns for mobile handsets

Lee

Cho

2015

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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“…The common trend of reduction of antenna sizes in mobile handsets in order to achieve low form factors reduces their efficiency, which limits the performance of handsets, particularly in rural areas where the signal typically has to travel longer distances. Therefore, in [92], tunable antennas are proposed to increase the efficiency. In [93], tin cans were used to increase the gain of customer premises equipment (CPE) antennas used in rural areas.…”

Section: Making Things Simplementioning

confidence: 99%

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity - Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

Yaacoub¹,

Alouini²

2020

Preprint

149

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Providing connectivity to around half of the world population living in rural or underprivileged areas is a tremendous challenge, but also a unique opportunity. Access to the internet would provide the population living in these areas a possibility to progress on the educational, health, environment, and business levels. In this paper, a survey of technologies for providing connectivity to rural areas, and that can help address this challenge, is provided. Although access/fronthaul and backhaul techniques are discussed in the paper, it is noted that the major limitation for providing connectivity to rural and underprivileged areas is the cost of backhaul deployment. In addition, energy requirements and cost efficiency of the studied technologies are analyzed. In fact, the challenges faced for deploying an electricity network, as a prerequisite for deploying communication networks, are huge in these areas and they are granted an important share of the discussions in this paper. Furthermore, typical application scenarios in rural areas are discussed, and several country-specific use cases are surveyed. The main initiatives by key international players aiming to provide rural connectivity are also described. Moreover, directions for future evolution of rural connectivity are outlined in the paper. Although there is no single solution that can solve all rural connectivity problems, building gradually on the current achievements in order to reach ubiquitous connectivity, while taking into account the particularities of each region and tailoring the solution accordingly, seems to be the most suitable path to follow.

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“…The common trend of reduction of antenna sizes in mobile handsets in order to achieve low form factors reduces their efficiency, which limits the performance of handsets, particularly in rural areas where the signal typically has to travel longer distances. Therefore, in [300], tunable antennas are proposed to increase the efficiency. In [301], tin cans were used to increase the June 28, 2019 DRAFT gain of CPE antennas used in rural areas.…”

Section: Making Things Simplementioning

confidence: 99%

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity - Connecting the Remaining 4 Billions: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

Yaacoub¹,

Alouini²

2019

Preprint

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DRAFT 4) Hyper Connected: This scenario corresponds to people enjoying state-of-the-art connectivity, e.g., at least 4G and possibly 5G cellular connectivity, and/or with high speed fixed DSL or FTTH or FTTN connectivity. These subscribers typically live in urban areas, and it is extremely difficult to find them in rural areas, due to the numerous barriers discussed previously. This paper surveys the literature aiming to provide basic connectivity to the unconnected population, or aiming to increase the connectivity level of those with basic connectivity ("Under Hence, the challenges for FSO in space are less critical, and indeed significantly better performance can be achieved, especially due to the fact that the optical signal is not traversing the atmosphere. In 2008, an optical inter-satellite link achieved a data rate transmission of 5.6 Gbps for distances up to 5, 000 km in the European Data Relay satellite System (EDRS). Newer terminals can transmit at a data rate of 1.8 Gbps for distances up to 45, 000 km. The intersatellite Ka band link achieved 300 Mbps [44]. In EDRS, LEO satellites relay the data from ground stations to GEO satellites using FSO for the GEO-LEO satellite communication, and RF bands for communication with the ground stations (similarly to the satellite-satellite Ka link, the satellite-ground Ka link achieved 300 Mbps) [44]. Some of the recent satellite constellations discussed in Section II-E, e.g., Starlink, are also expected to use FSO for its inter-satellite communication [45,46,47]. D. HAPs/Drones/UAVs/BalloonsTo solve the coverage problem in large rural areas without relying on the deployment of costly wired infrastructure for backhaul, HAPs and UAVs are generally recommended [48].UAVs are proposed in [49] to provide backhaul connectivity for ground 5G base stations. A steering algorithm to allow the antennas of the UAV and the ground BS to be dynamically steered towards each other is proposed in [49], and tested via an experimental setup. In[50], a multihop network of HAPs is proposed for providing backhaul connectivity to TVWS deployments in rural areas. The HAPs communicate with each other using mmWave frequencies, and with the ground stations using FSO.An interference alignment scheme to maximize the sum-rate capacity of HAPs communicating with GSs is proposed in [51]. The scheme assumes M HAP drones and N GSs, with no CSI at the HAPs. A tethered balloon with (M − 1) × (N − 1) antennas is used as a decode and forward (DF) relay with half-duplex operation: The HAPs transmit their data to the GSs first, then the tethered balloon relays the data after performing pre-coding [51].Aerostats filled with lighter than air gas are tethered to the ground and used to provide connectivity to rural areas in [52]. Although these tethered aerostats can be used to provide backhaul connectivity by communicating with each other using directive antennas, they were also used in [52] to provide fronthaul WiFi access by using high gain omnidirectional antennas.

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Tunable antennas for mobile devices: Achieving high performance in compelling form factors

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

A new frequency‐reconfigurable antenna using coupling patterns for mobile handsets

A new frequency‐reconfigurable antenna using coupling patterns for mobile handsets

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity - Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity - Connecting the Remaining 4 Billions: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

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